不断发展的中西医饮食营养疗法

刘婷婷 徐旭 田成旺

【摘要】食疗無论在中西方都有较长时间的应用，中医食疗的出现远远早于西医食疗。中医食疗的发展经历了古代、近代与现代三个时期，西医食疗的发展经历了自然主义、化学分析、生物学和细胞或分子学四个时期。食疗属于营养学的范畴，合理的食疗不仅能够预防疾病的产生，更能达到治疾病的效果。我国现代营养治疗遭遇了重重壁垒，与国外相比，国内FSMP的使用比例极低，轻视营养治疗是造成该现状的重要原因。但FSMP由于其有个性化的优势，现被越来越广泛地应用到临床疾病辅助营养治疗中。与此同时，中西医结合食疗为我国医的发展开创了一条新的重要途径，越来越受到医学界的重视，具有广阔的发展前景，建立符合时代特征的中西医结合食疗是今后食疗发展的方向之一。

【关键词】食疗；中医；西医；发展史；FSMP

[中图分类号]R247.1 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]2096-5249（2021）03-0028-03

The continuous development of traditional Chinese and western medicine diet nutrition therapy

LIU ting-ting1， XU xu2， 3， 4， TIAN Cheng-wang 2， 3， 4* （1. Tianjin Medical University， Tianjin 300070， China； 2. Tianjin Pharmaceutical Research Institute， Tianjin 300301， China； 3. State Key Laboratory of drug release technology and pharmacokinetics， Tianjin 300301， China； 4. Tianjin Key Laboratory of quality markers of traditional Chinese medicine， Tianjin 300301， China）

[Abstract] Food therapy has been used for a long time in China and the West. The appearance of Chinese medicine food therapy is far earlier than western medicine. The development of traditional Chinese medicine food therapy has gone through three periods： ancient， modern and modern， while the development of western medicine food therapy has gone through four periods： naturalism， chemical analysis， biology and cell or molecular. Food therapy belongs to the category of nutrition. Reasonable food therapy can not only prevent the occurrence of diseases， but also achieve the effect of treating diseases. Modern nutritional therapy in China has encountered many barriers. Compared with foreign countries， the use rate of FSMP in China is extremely low. The neglect of nutritional therapy is an important reason for this situation. However， because of its personalized advantages， FSMP is more and more widely used in clinical disease adjuvant nutrition treatment. At the same time， integrated Traditional Chinese and Western medicine has opened up a new and important way for the development of Chinese medicine， which has been paid more and more attention by the medical community and has a broad development prospect. The establishment of integrated Traditional Chinese and western medicine food therapy conforming to the characteristics of The Times is one of the development directions of food therapy in the future.

[Key words] food therapy； traditional Chinese medicine； Western medicine； the history of the development； FSMP

食疗是通过食物饮食疗法对已经出现的疾病或尚未完全形成但有前期征兆者及时予以纠正，使其从病变状态中或病变前期恢复到正常状态。关于食疗，中西医都对此有较长时间的研究，从而形成了食疗的中西医发展史。食疗属于营养学范畴。现代营养学旨在运用膳食为人体提供完整的热能和营养素，中医营养学则是根据个人体质辩证施膳来纠正脏腑气血阴阳，从而达到阴平阳秘[1]。合理营养是一种现代营养学和中医营养学互相结合的食疗模式[2]。

1 中医食疗的發展