后颅窝软通道穿刺术联合侧脑室外引流治疗重型脑干出血的临床分析

2021-09-17 09:17:14蔡侃芝杨成山李汉威
医学食疗与健康 2021年7期

蔡侃芝 杨成山 李汉威

【摘要】目的:分析后颅窝软通道穿刺术联合侧脑室外引流治疗重型脑干出血的临床效果。方法:回顾性分析2017年1月至2020年1月本院神经外科收治的30例重型脑干出血患者作为本次研究对象,所有患者均接受后颅窝软通道穿刺术联合侧脑室外引流治疗,比较治疗前、治疗1周后患者的格拉斯哥昏迷指数(GCS)评分,同时观察患者的脑干血肿清除率、存活率、死亡率。结果:治疗1周后患者的GCS评分明显高于治疗前,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);30例患者的脑干血肿清除率为93.33%(28/30),存活率为86.67%(26/30),死亡率为13.33%(4/30)。结论:采用后颅窝软通道穿刺术联合侧脑室外引流治疗重型脑干出血,能有效清除患者的脑干血肿,并改善其昏迷情况,且存活率相对较高。

【关键词】重型脑干出血;后颅窝软通道穿刺术;侧脑室外引流

[中图分类号]R651.12 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]2096-5249(2021)07-0030-03

Clinical analysis of posterior fossa soft channel puncture combined with lateral ventricular external drainage in the treatment of severe brain stem hemorrhage

CAIKan-zhi, YANG Cheng-shan, LIHan-wei (Department of Neurosurgery, Chashan Hospital, Dongguan City, Dongguan Guangdong 523382, China)

[Abstract] Objective: To analyze the clinical effect of posterior fossa soft channel puncture combined with lateral ventricle external drainage in the treatment of severe brainstem hemorrhage. Methods: Aretrospective analysis from January 2017 toJanuary 2020 treated in our hospital neurosurgery of the clinical data of 30 patients with severe brainstem hemorrhage, 30 patients were received posterior fossa soft channel joint lateral ventricle puncture drainage treatment, compared before and after 1 week treatment in patients with a Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score, and observed 30 cases of patients with brain stem hematoma clearance rate, survival rate and mortality rate. Results: The GCS score after 1 week of treatment was significantly higher than that before treatment, with statistical significance(P<0.05). The brainstem hematoma clearance rate of 30 patients was 93.33% (28/30), the survival rate was 86.67% (26/30), and the mortality rate was 13.33%(4/30). Conclusions: Posterior fossa soft channel puncture combined with lateral ventricular external drainage in the treatment of severe brain stem hemorrhage can effectively remove the brain stem hematoma and improve the coma of patients, and the survival rate is relatively high.

[Key words] Severe brainstem hemorrhage; Posterior fossa soft channel puncture; External drainage of lateral ventricle

重型脑干出血主要是指脑干出血量>5 mL,该疾病属于神经科急危重症,具有较高的死亡率[1-2]。由于重型脑干出血的发病急,病情进展快,使得临床治疗难度大,以往临床多予以此类患者常规对症治疗,如止血、脱水降颅压、降血压和营养支持等[3]。但常规对症治疗的疗效欠佳,难以清除患者脑干血肿,导致患者预后较差。因此,如何彻底清除脑干血肿、改善患者预后成为了神经科所关注的问题[4-5]。近年来,随着相位技术的进一步发展,越来越多医学者开始尝试在脑干区开展手术,且多采用颅窝软通道穿刺术、侧脑室外引流术式,但有关这两种术式的应用效果的相关研究较少。对此,本次研究回顧性分析2017年1月至2020年12月本院神经外科收治的30例重型脑干出血患者,旨在分析后颅窝软通道穿刺术联合侧脑室外引流治疗重型脑干出血的临床效果。现……

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