妊娠期易栓症患者连续静脉采血策略及采血有效性的应用效果评价

黎柳燕 段冬梅 符小玲 钟笑仪 张姗姗

【摘要】目的：探討不同的静脉留置方式对妊娠期易栓症患者连续静脉采血的应用效果。方法：选取2019年7月至2020年7月需要进行快速连续采血试验的100例妊娠期易栓症患者，采用便利抽样的方法，选择使用正压无针连接式静脉留置针进行采血试验的患者作为观察组，选取同期同等条件使用普通静脉留置针采血的患者为对照组，每组50例。比较两组患者护理满意度、疼痛数字评分法（NRS）、标本溶血率、留置针堵管率、针刺伤发生率、静脉炎发生率。结果：观察组患者护理满意度高于对照组，留置针堵管率、针刺伤发生率、静脉炎发生率均低于对照组，以上差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。在标本溶血率及疼痛评分上，两组无统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论：易栓症孕妇使用正压无针连接式静脉留置针采血能够减少静脉留置针并发症的产生，有效降低针刺伤发生率，患者满意度高，具有一定的临床推广意义。

【关键词】妊娠期易栓症患者；正压无针连接式静脉留置针；连续静脉采血；并发症

[中图分类号]R473.71 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]2096-5249（2021）07-0139-03

Application effect of continuous venous blood collection by positive pressure needle-free venous indwelling needle in patients with susceptibility to thrombosis during pregnancy

LI Liu-yan， DUAN Dong-mei*， FU Xiao-ling， ZHONG Xiao-yi， ZHANG Shan-shan （Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Hospital， Dongguan Guangdong 523000， China）

[Abstract] Objective： To explore the application effect of different vein detaining methods on continuous venous blood collection in patients with easy thrombosis during pregnancy. Methods： Select 100 patients with susceptibility to thrombosis during pregnancy from July 2019 to July 2020 who need rapid continuous blood collection test， adopt convenient sampling method， and select patients with positive pressure needle-free connected venous indwelling needle for blood collection test as observation For the control group， patients with the same conditions using the common venous indwelling needle for blood collection were selected as the control group， with 50 cases in each group. Pregnant women in the observation group used positive pressure indwelling needles for blood sampling， and pregnant women in the control group used conventional indwelling needles for blood sampling. The nursing satisfaction of the two groups of patients， the score of NRS， the number of specimens with hemolysis， and the number of patients with tube blockage， needle stick injury， phlebitis during indwelling needle indwelling and pass rate of sampling survey in outpatient blood sampling center before and after implementation were compared. Results： The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was higher than that of the control group， and the incidence of phlebitis and Incidence of needle stick injury and indwelling needle blocking ratewas lower than that of the control group， and the above differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. There was no statistical difference between the two groups in the incidence of hemolysis rate of specimens， and pain scores （P>0.05）. Conclusions： The use of positive pressure needleless connection type venous indwelling needle for blood collection in pregnant women with thrombosis can reduce the complications of venous indwelling needle， and the patient satisfaction is high， which has certain clinical significance.

[Key words] Patients with easy thrombosis during pregnancy；Positive pressure needle-free connection type venous indwelling needle；Continuous venous blood collection；Complication

伴随着二胎政策的全面开放，妊娠妇女中，高龄孕妇的比例也随之上升[1]。在妊娠期间，孕妇的糖代谢受损可使全身血管内皮损伤，进一步使凝血功能发生异常，加之妊娠期间孕妇营养丰富，血脂升高，加重血栓前状态，易栓症概率也随之增加[2]。易栓症孕妇妊娠期间需进行连续静脉采血检验项目，如口服糖耐量试验（oral glucose tolerance test，OGTT），为了在采血中提升护理质量，减少采血产生的并发症，提高被检孕妇对护理的满意度，减轻患者的痛苦[3]。……