苏州地区湿疹患者食物不耐受检测临床意义分析

任孙 闵玮 杨子良 吴婷婷 钱齐宏

【摘要】目的  分析苏州地区湿疹患者的食物不耐受检测结果，以及针对性饮食调控对病情的影响，为临床治疗提供指导。 方法  分别收集415例湿疹患者及50例健康对照者，采用酶免印迹法进行血清食物特异性IgG检测。从治愈患者中随机选取部分患者以饮食调控与否分组，随访8周比较复发情况。 结果  湿疹患者食物特异性IgG阳性率为75.18%，健康对照者阳性率为0.00%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。其中最常见的不耐受食物依次为蛋清/蛋黄、牛奶、大米、大豆、玉米、虾、小麦、西红柿、鳕鱼、蘑菇、螃蟹、鸡肉、猪肉、牛肉。不同年龄组的湿疹患者间食物特异性IgG检测阳性率比较有统计学差异（P<0.05），而性别和季节分组间阳性率比较无统计学差异（P>0.05）。饮食调控组复发率明显低于对照组，差异有统计学差异（P<0.05）。 结论  苏州地区湿疹发病与食物不耐受存在关联性，其中蛋清/蛋黄阳性率最高，年龄对食物不耐受有明显影响。根据检测结果进行针对性饮食调控能有效降低湿疹的复发率。

【关键词】  湿疹;食物不耐受;年龄;饮食调控;复发

【ABSTRACT】Objective To Objective to analyze the detection results of food intolerance in patients with eczema in Suzhou areaand the effect of targeted dietary regulation on the disease， so as to provide guidance for clinical treatment. Methods 415 patients with eczema and 50 healthy controls were collected. The serum food specific IgG was detected by ELISA.Some patients were randomly selected from the cured patients and divided into two groups according to whether the diet was regulated or not， and followed up for 8 weeks to compare the recurrence.Results The positive rate of food specific IgG was 75.18% in eczema patients and 0.00% in healthy controls （P < 0.05）. The most common intolerant foods were egg white / yolk， milk， rice， soybean， corn， shrimp， wheat， tomato， COD， mushroom， crab， chicken， pork and beef. There was significant difference in the positive rate of food specific IgG among different age groups （P<0.05）， but there was no significant difference between gender and seasonal groups （P>0.05）.The recurrence rate of diet control group was significantly lower than that of control group， and the difference was statistically significant （P < 0.05）.Conclusion The incidence of eczema in Suzhou area is related to food intolerance， and the positive rate of egg white / yolk is the highest. Age has a significant impact on food intolerance. According to the test results， targeted dietary regulation can effectively reduce the recurrence rate of eczema.

【KEY WORDS】eczema; food intolerance; age;diet control; recurrence

隨着社会的发展和人民生活水平的提高，湿疹的发病率呈逐年增加趋势，给患者带来了沉重的生理和社会负担。湿疹是一种皮肤慢性炎症性疾病，主要表现为红斑、丘疹、脱屑、苔藓样变等，通常伴有严重瘙痒。湿疹发病机制复杂，与多种内外因素有关，目前大多数研究认为湿疹的发生与机体的免疫系统关系密切。食物不耐受是机体免疫系统针对摄入的某种或多种食物产生IgG抗体，从而导致的一种变态反应。……