余祺 万勇 左友波 文笛
[摘要]严重感染、创伤、大手术和麻醉后,患者往往会产生一系列的异常代谢,包括高代谢、高分解和营养物、激素异常代谢,这些变化进一步扰乱内稳态,影响细胞能量代谢和功能,成为围术期导致心肌损伤的重要原因。近年来,研究发现代谢改变与围术期心肌损伤(PMI)密切相关。本文将从围术期代谢改变及其对 PMI 的影响、改善围术期代谢变化的措施等方面进行综述,以期为 PMI 的深入研究和早期预防提供临床参考。
[关键词]围术期心肌损伤;代谢;胰岛素抵抗;药物;术前口服碳水化合物
[中图分类号] R619; R542.2 [文献标识码] A [文章编号]2095-0616(2021)23-0057-04
Advances in study on the effect of metabolic alterations on perioperative myocardial injury
YU Qi WAN Yong ZUO Youbo WEN Di
Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan, Nanchong 637000,China
[Abstract] Patients undergoing severe infection, trauma, major surgery and anesthesia often develop a series of abnormal metabolism, including hypermetabolism, high decomposition and abnormal metabolism of nutrients and hormones. These alterations further disturb homeostasis and affect cellular energy metabolism and function, which become important cause of perioperative myocardial injury (PMI). In recent years, studies have found that metabolic alterations are closely associated to PMI. This paper reviews the perioperative metabolic alterations and their effects on PMI, and measures to improve perioperative metabolic alterations, with the aim of providing clinical reference for the in-depth study and early prevention of PMI.
[Key words] Perioperative myocardial injury; Metabolism; Insulin resistance; Drugs; Preoperative oral carbohydrate
全世界每年有超过两亿例非心脏手术,其中约800万患者在非心脏手术后发生心肌损伤[1]。围术期心肌损伤(perioperative myocardial injury,PMI)以肌钙蛋白升高为特征,无缺血特征[2]。PMI 是一种重要的非心脏手术后的并发症,与30 d 死亡率密切相关[3-5]。与自发性心肌梗死相比,PMI 通常不表现出典型的心肌缺血症状,如胸痛、心绞痛或呼吸困难,因此在临床中常被漏诊。围术期的代谢改变会扰乱机体内环境稳态,影响细胞能量代谢和功能,成为 PMI 的重要原因之一。本文将从围术期代谢改变及其对 PMI 的影响、改善围术期代谢变化的措施等方面进行综述,以期为 PMI 的深入研究和早期预防提供临床参考。
1围术期代谢改变及其对PMI的影响
1.1能量代谢改变及其对PMI的影响
围术期患者往往存在高代谢,能量消耗增加。正常的能量供应对各个器官正常运转至关重要,尤其是大脑和心脏。……