团体认知行为疗法对孕妇产前焦虑的干预研究

李乐 王益平 姚菲

【摘要】目的：探究团体认知行为疗法干预对孕妇产前焦虑的影响分析。方法：选取60例产妇，将其随机分为试验组和对照组各30例。两组均给予常规护理方式，试验组同时接受为期4周，每周1次的团体认知行为治疗。两组分别于入院前及治疗4周接受汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）及自动思维问卷（ATQ）的评定；治疗4周后接受团体治疗效果因子问卷调查。结果：对照组孕妇产前焦虑状态较入院时相比没有显著变化（P>0.05）；试验组孕妇较入院之时，焦虑状态评分有明显下降，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；试验组孕妇接受团体治疗法干预后，焦虑状态评分显著低于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；试验组团体治疗效果因子中普同性、情绪宣泄、希望重塑、人际学习获取（付出）、自我了解等因子显著优于对照组孕妇。结论：采取团体认知行为疗法干预可对孕妇产前焦虑情况产生积极的正向影响。

【关键词】产前焦虑；团体治疗因子；认知行为

[中图分类号]R473.71 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]2096-5249（2021）05-0217-03

Intervention of group cognitive behavioral therapy on prenatal anxiety in pregnant women

LI Le， WANG Yi-ping*， YAO Fei （Affiliated hospital of traditional Chinese medicine， southwest medical university， Luzhou Sichuan 646000， China）

[ABSTRACT] Objective： To investigate the effect of group cognitive behavioral therapy on prenatal anxiety in pregnant women. Methods： 60 pregnant women were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. Both groups received routine care， while the experimental group received group cognitive behavioral therapy once a week for 4 weeks. The two groups were assessed by Hamilton anxiety scale （HAMA） and automatic thinking questionnaire （ATQ） before admission and 4 weeks after treatment. After 4 weeks of treatment， the group treatment effect factor questionnaire was conducted. Result： There was no significant change in prenatal anxiety status of pregnant women in the control group compared with that at admission（P>0.05）. Compared with the time of admission， the score of anxiety state of pregnant women in the test group significantly decreased， and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After group therapy intervention， the score of anxiety state in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group， and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P<0.05）. In the experimental group， the factors of general gender， emotional catharsis， hope remodeling， interpersonal learning acquisition， （giving）， and self-understanding were significantly better than those of the control group. Conclusion： Group cognitive behavioral therapy （CBT） has positive effect on prenatal anxiety of pregnant women.

[Key words] Prenatal anxiety； Group therapy factor； Cognitive behavior

随着我国全面放开二胎政策的實施及居民生活水平的提高，孕妇心理健康状态已成为多数家庭日益关注的焦点。但相对于产后，孕妇在妊娠期焦虑、抑郁等心理状态的关注度较低。相关研究表明，我国孕妇孕期焦虑的发病率为58.03 %[1]。产前焦虑已成为孕妇群体十分常见的心理健康问题之一，不仅会引起分娩时间延长、生产时出血增加，增大产妇生产风险，而且还是导致胎儿早产、难产、婴儿生长不良等不良后果的重要影响因素[2]。……