不同切削液加工蠕墨铸铁试验研究

胡伟 孟凡宁 艾晓南 孟祥东 丁泽

摘要：蠕墨铸铁以其良好的力学性能逐渐替代了传统发动机材料-灰铸铁。然而，蠕墨铸铁良好的力学性能导致了其加工性能极差，因此，导致企业加工成本增高，加工效率降低，严重阻碍了蠕墨铸铁发动机的批量化生产和应用。切削液在加工过程中有着极其重要的作用，但是，切削液的成本仅占加工成本2%，因此，通过选择适合加工蠕墨铸铁的切削液，可以有效降低生产成本。本文通过对市面上现有不同的六种切削液品牌进行蠕墨铸铁切削试验，试验结果表明俄美达切削液加工蠕墨铸铁效果最好，其后刀面磨损形式是涂层磨损。本文研究成果可以为企业选择蠕墨铸铁切削液提供指导意见，从而有效降低生产成本。

Abstract： Compacted graphite iron has gradually replaced the traditional engine material gray cast iron with its good mechanical properties. However， the good mechanical properties of compacted graphite iron lead to its poor processing performance， which leads to the increase of processing cost and the decrease of machining efficiency， and seriously hinders the mass production and application of compacted graphite iron engine. Cutting fluid plays an extremely important role in the machining， but the cost of cutting fluid only accounts for 2% of the processing cost. Therefore， the production cost can be effectively reduced by selecting the cutting fluid suitable for processing compacted graphite iron. In this paper， the cutting experiments of compacted graphite iron with six different brands of cutting fluid on the market are carried out. The results show that Oemeta cutting fluid has the best effect in machining compacted graphite iron， and the wear form of the flank is coating wear. The research results of this paper can provide guidance for enterprises to choose compacted graphite iron cutting fluid， so as to effectively reduce the production cost.

关键词：蠕墨铸铁;切削液;切削试验;俄美达

Key words： vermicular graphite cast iron;cutting fluid;cutting test;Oemeta

中图分类号：TG506.9                                      文献标识码：A                                  文章编号：1674-957X（2021）18-0121-03

0  引言

蠕墨铸铁因其优良的力学性能和材料性能，因而逐渐将其发展为新一代的工程材料[1-2]。自20世纪70年代起，国内外逐渐发现这种材料的重要性，并开始日益加大对蠕墨铸铁的研究力度，而对蠕墨铸铁在工业工程中的应用也不断展开。

随着社会的发展，汽车、货车载重量不断提升，排放限制更加严格，因此，对发动机性能的要求也不断提高，在提升功率的同时，还要满足缩小体积、减轻重量、降低燃油消耗及排放量等要求，这是发动机是一种挑战，也是发动机新材料的挑战[3-4]。蠕墨铸铁以其独特的材料特性，成为了发动机材料的最佳选择之一。……