李航
摘要:猪轮状病毒病是由轮状病毒感染引发的一种急性肠道传染性疾病,一般仔猪发病率相对较高,青年猪和成年猪患相对较少,即便是能够感染病毒,大多呈现隐性发病经过,不会表现出特征性的临床症状。该类疾病的潜伏期相对较短,一般在感染病毒12~24 h后会出现典型的临床症状。临床上主要表现为呕吐腹泻,机体严重脱水,酸碱平衡紊乱。猪轮状病毒病在世界各地的生猪养殖场普遍存在,虽然传播速度较快,但相较于猪流行性腹泻和传染性肠胃炎,其造成的死亡率相对较低。该文主要论述猪轮状病毒病的流行病学、临床特点、病理特征、诊断方法和防治措施,希望研究对更好的控制该类疾病发生流行有一定帮助。
关键词:猪轮状病毒病;临床特点;防治措施
中图分类号:S858.28文献标识码:Bdoi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-3637.2021.23.032
Clinical Characteristics and Control Measures of Porcine Rotavirus Disease
LI Hang
(Agricultural and Rural Development Center,Linghai City,Linghai Liaoning 121200,China )
Abstract:Porcine rotavirus is an acute intestinal disease caused by rotavirus infection. The incidence of rotavirus infection is relatively high in piglets and relatively low in young pigs and adult pigs. Even if rotavirus infection can occur,the disease usually occurs in a recessive way,it doesn't show any characteristic clinical symptoms. The incubation period of the disease is relatively short,usually 12 to 24 hours after infection with the virus will appear typical clinical symptoms. The main clinical manifestations of vomiting diarrhea,severe dehydration,acid-base balance disorder. Porcine rotavirus is prevalent in pig farms all over the world. Although it spreads rapidly,its mortality rate is relatively low compared to porcine epidemic diarrhea and transmissible gastroenteritis. In this paper,the epidemiology,clinical features,pathological features,diagnostic methods and control measures of porcine rotavirus disease were discussed.
Keywords:porcine rotavirus disease,clinical characteristics,control measures
0引言
腹瀉性疾病原因多种多样,包括细菌、病毒。轮状病毒病对哺乳仔猪断奶仔猪造成严重危害。如果养殖环境突然发生变化,养殖管理不当,猪群身体抵抗能力下降后,会给该种病毒性疾病的传播流行提供条件。轮状病毒在生猪养殖场中一旦爆发流行,将会短时间内向整个猪群快速传播蔓延,虽然造成的死亡率相对较低。关于猪轮状病毒病还没有特效,药物一旦爆发流行,会给养殖场造成必要的经济损失,需要养殖户提前采取措施进行针对性防控。
1流行特点
猪轮状病毒外观呈现车轮状,直径70 nm左右,该种病毒在外界具有较强的抵抗能力,对温度pH值和化学物质具有一定的耐受性,pH值3~9,保持相对稳定的特征,粪便中能长时间存在。……