基于1+X证书制度的三教改革探索与实践

吴业强　占刚　毛卫秀

摘 要：1+X证书制度体现了职业教育作为一种类型教育的重要特征，是落实立德树人根本任务、完善职业教育和培训体系、深化产教融合校企合作的一项重要制度设计。1+X证书制度试点工作，是深化教师、教材、教法“三教”改革、促进校企合作、建好用好实训基地、探索建设职业教育国家“学分银行”、构建国家资历框架的具体抓手，做好1+X证书制度试点具有十分重要的意義。文章以贵州电子信息职业技术学院汽车运用与维修1+X证书制度试点工作为例，对试点过程中教师、教材、教法“三教”改革具体做法和成效进行了介绍，将试点工作中存在的问题进行了分析并提出下一步工作建议，为同类院校开展试点工作提供参考借鉴。

关键词：1+X证书制度 “三教”改革 教师 教材 教法

The Exploration and Practice of the Three Education Reforms based on the 1+X Certificate System

——Take the Guizhou Vocational and Technical College of Electronics and Information Technology as an example

Wu Yeqiang Zhan Gang Mao Weixiu

Abstract：The 1+X certificate system embodies the important characteristics of vocational education as a type of education. It is an important system design to implement the fundamental tasks of Lide， improve the vocational education and training system， and deepen the integration of industry and education. The pilot work of the 1+X certificate system is to deepen the reform of the "three educations" of teachers， textbooks， and teaching methods， promote school-enterprise cooperation， build well-used training bases， explore the construction of a national "credit bank" for vocational education， and build a national qualifications framework. It is of great significance to do a good job of the 1+X certificate system pilot. The article takes the pilot work of the 1+X certificate system for automobile application and maintenance in Guizhou Vocational and Technical College of Electronics and Information Technology as an example， introduces the specific methods and results of the "three teachings" reforms of teachers， textbooks， and teaching methods during the pilot process， and will exist in the pilot work. The problem was analyzed and suggestions for the next step were put forward to provide reference for similar colleges and universities to carry out pilot work.

Key words：1+X certificate system， "three teachings" reform， teachers， teaching materials， teaching methods

1+X证书制度体现了职业教育作为一种类型教育的重要特征，是落实立德树人根本任务、完善职业教育和培训体系、深化产教融合校企合作的一项重要制度设计。1+X证书制度试点工作，是深化教师、教材、教法“三教”改革、促进校企合作、建好用好实训基地、探索建设职业教育国家“学分银行”、构建国家资历框架的具体抓手，做好1+X证书制度试点具有十分重要的意义[1-5]。

1 试点基本情况

贵州电子信息职业技术学院2019年获批成为教育部第一批1+X证书制度试点单位，参与汽车运用与维修（含智能新能源汽车）职业技能等级证书的试点工作，也是该证书的培训站和考核站。

2019年完成汽车运用与维修职业技能等级证书--全车网关控制及娱乐系统技术中级证书的认证考试。2020年完成汽车运用与维修职业技能等级证书--汽车动力与驱动系统综合分析技术中级和汽车营销评估与金融保险服务技术中级证书的认证考试。通过开展1+X试点工作，学院在1+X证书制度机制体制建设、三教改革等方面取得了良好成效。

2 主要做法及试点成效

2.1 落实责任，完善工作协调机制