基于Pro-197-Ser突变的抗双氟磺草胺荠菜的快速检测

2021-10-27 01:11:16李琦,于金萍,郭文磊,刘亦学,张惟
杂草学报 2021年2期

李琦,于金萍,郭文磊,刘亦学,张惟

摘要:双氟磺草胺是防除小麦田荠菜(Capsella bursa-pastoris)等阔叶杂草的主要除草剂品种之一,目前在我国河南、河北、天津等地已有荠菜种群对其产生了抗药性。乙酰乳酸合成酶(ALS)基因第197位位点核苷酸突变是荠菜对双氟磺草胺产生抗药性的主要原因,通过在引物 D197F 序列的 3′ 端引入错配碱基,设计出一种衍生性酶切扩增多态性序列 (dCAPS) 分子标记方法,可用于第197位位点核苷酸突变的快速检测。抗药性及敏感荠菜的ALS基因扩增片段经限制性内切酶AvaⅡ酶切后表现出多态性,敏感荠菜产生了31、192 bp等2个片段;抗药性荠菜产生了31、192、223 bp等3个片段。该方法检测结果准确、可靠,与整株水平测定结果一致,并适用于第197位位点的任意氨基酸取代。这种dCAPS分子标记方法可对田间当季杂草进行检测,可为荠菜种群抗药性的快速检测与监测提供理论支持。

关键词:荠菜;双氟磺草胺;靶标抗药性;ALS基因;dCAPS

中图分类号:S481.4;S482.4文献标志码:A文章编号:1003-935X(2021)02-0014-06

Rapid Detection of Pro-197-Ser Mutation Endowing Target-Site

Resistance to Florasulam in Capsella bursa-pastorisLI Qi1,YU Jinping1,GUO Wenlei2,LIU Yixue1,ZHANG Wei1

(1.Institute of Plant Protection,Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tianjin 300381,China;

2.Plant Protection Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong

Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection,Guangzhou 510640,China)Abstract:Florasulam is widely used in wheat fields to control Capsella bursa-pastoris and other broadleaf weeds. However,some C. bursa-pastoris populations have evolved resistance to florasulam in Henan,Hebei and Tianjin,China. The mutation occurring at ALS gene at 197 codon is a main mechanism causing florasulam resistance in C. bursa-pastoris. We introduced a mismatched base at 3′-end of the primer D197F and designed a dCAPS method to detect the mutation of ALS gene at 197 codon rapidly. The ALS fragments amplified between resistant and susceptible C. bursa-pastoris plants showed polymorphisms after digestion by the restriction enzyme AvaⅡ. The susceptible plants produced two fragments (31 bp and 192 bp). Resistant plants produced three fragments (31 bp,192 bp and 223 bp). Results were accurate and reliable,and were consistent with the whole-plant experiments. Moreover,the method was suitable for any mutations at ALS 197 codon by detecting resistance in season. This study provides a procedure to detect and monitor ALS herbicide-resistance in C. bursa-pastoris.

Key words:Capsella bursa-pastoris;florasulam;target resistance;ALS gene;dCAPS

荠菜(Capsella bursa-pastoris)是我国常见的阔叶杂草,广泛分布于长江流域、华北地区和西南地区作物田,主要危害油菜、稻茬麦、冬小麦等冬春作物。荠菜具有很强的耐低温及耐干旱能力,环境适应性强,在田间与作物竞争,严重影响着作物的质量与产量[1]。双氟磺草胺(florasulam)是由美国陶氏化学公司开发的三唑并嘧啶磺酰胺类除草剂,被广泛用于防除小麦田阔叶杂草,其作用机制是通過抑制乙酰乳酸合成酶(ALS)的活性,使杂草无法合成亮氨酸、异亮氨酸和缬氨酸这 3种氨基酸而死亡,是一种典型的乙酰乳酸合成酶抑制剂[2]。……

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