快换式氧枪在宣钢150吨转炉的设计应用

吕岩

摘  要：氧枪是现代转炉吹氧炼钢的主要设备之一，为了实现快速炼钢提高作业率，降低工人的劳动强度，快换型氧枪的应用是转炉炼钢发展的必然选择。快换氧枪的氧气及冷却水管弯管的端部设有快换母端固定板，快换母端固定板的另一侧分别设有快换母端、进水水管快换母端、出水水管快换母端，升降小车上设有与母端连接的3个快换公端，并且将氧管、水管设置在同一直线上，大大方便了连接软管的更换。本文介绍了快换型氧枪结构设计、性能特点及在宣钢150t转炉中的改造使用情况。

关键词：快换  氧枪  密封  流量

中图分类号：TF713 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1674-098X（2021）06（c）-0027-03

Abstract： Oxygen lance is one of the main equipment of modern converter oxygen blowing steelmaking. In order to realize rapid steelmaking， improve operation rate and reduce workers' labor intensity， the application of fast changing oxygen lance is an inevitable choice for the development of converter steelmaking. The end of the oxygen and cooling water pipe elbow of the quick change oxygen gun is provided with a quick change female end fixing plate， the other side of the quick change female end fixing plate is respectively provided with a quick change female end， a quick change female end of the water inlet pipe and a quick change female end of the water outlet pipe， the lifting trolley is provided with three quick change male ends connected with the female end， and the oxygen pipe and water pipe are arranged on the same straight line， which greatly facilitates the replacement of the connecting hose. This paper introduces the structural design， performance characteristics of fast changing oxygen lance and its transformation and application in 150t converter of Xuansteel.

Key Words： Quick-change; Oxygen lance; Seal up; Flow rate

氧槍是现代转炉吹氧炼钢的主要设备之一，在炼钢过程中，氧枪的主要功能是向转炉内提供冶炼所必需的氧气，氧气经过氧枪喷头射出，形成的氧气射流，穿过高温炉气冲击在熔池表面，穿入熔池与钢液发生化学反应，满足冶炼脱碳、升温及去除杂质的需要。氧枪性能直接影响炼钢效率。枪体外型结构几何形状的设计是否合理，换枪是否快捷方便，将直接影响转炉作业率和工人的劳动强度[1]。

氧枪设备主要由枪体、升降小车、横移机构、金属软管、升降轨道等装置组成，而枪体作为关键部件，其工况及其恶劣，枪头烧损等状况经常发生，需要及时更换氧枪以确保转炉生产的稳定性及冶炼的安全性。氧枪安装于升降小车上，氧气及冷却水通过金属软管连接于枪体上。更换氧枪时需要断开金属软管与氧枪的连接，从升降小车上将枪体吊运走，新的枪体安装好后需要重新将金属软管连接。……