陈秀琴 刘其全 田新湖 何玉仙 邱良妙 占志雄
摘要:草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda原产于美洲热带和亚热带地区,是一种破坏性极强的害虫,可对近180种农作物造成破坏,严重威胁着粮食安全。草地贪夜蛾的迁飞能力强,成虫一晚能飞100 km以上,迅速传播。其白2019年入侵我国,已在26个省发现入侵和为害,并呈继续北迁的趋势,对草地贪夜蛾的防控将是一项长期重大的任务。目前,国内外对草地贪夜蛾防治主要以化学农药为主,但易敛使其产生抗药性和造成环境污染,因此丌发有效、低风险的防控方法以实现对草地贪夜蛾的可持续治理成为研究热点。生物防治是一种可有效替代化学防治的经济、环保的防控措施,主要是利用天敌昆虫(寄生性和捕食性昆虫)、病原微生物(如细菌、线虫、病原真菌、病毒)、植物源农药及性信息素等对害虫进行科学防治。本文总结了国内外关于草地贪夜蛾生物防治的研究进展概况,以期为今后科学防治草地贪夜蛾提供参考。
关键词:草地贪夜蛾;生物防治;天敌昆虫;病原微生物;植物源农药;性信息素
中图分类号:S 435
文献标志码:A
文章编号:1008-03 84( 2021) 08-0981-08
Progress in Biological Control of Spodoptera frugiperda
CHEN Xiuqin 1, LIU Qiquan 1, TIAN Xinhu 2. HE Yuxian 1. QIU Liangmiao 1*, ZHAN 2hixiong 1.3*( 1.Plant Protection Institute. Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Labora tory for Monitoring and Integrated Managementof C rop Pests. Fuzhou, Fujian 350013. China; 2. Datian County Plant Protection and Plant Quarantine Station. Datian, Fujian366100. China: 3. Rice Research Institute, Fuijian Academy ofAgricultural Sciences. Fuzhou, Fujian 350018. China )
Abstract: Spodoptera frugiperda is an extremely destructive pest native to tropical and subtropical areas in the Americas. Itcauses devastating damage to almost 1 80 crop plants, posing a serious threat to food security. The remarkable flight capacity ofover 100 km per night of the adult moths makes the infestation spread wide and rapid. Since 2019 when S. frugiperda firstinvaded China, 26 provinces have been affected by it with a threat of spreading farther to the northern part of the nation. Hence.the prevention and control of the pest is paramount but a long-term, arduous task. Application of chemical insecticides for thepest control is a common practice here and abroad but carries the inevitable side-effect of resistance development in the insectsand pollution on the environment. As an ecologically friendly means, the use of biological agents would be an ideal alternativein effectively combating and sustainably managing the S. frugiperda infestation. This article summarizes the potentialapproaches cited in literature including the applications of entomophagous insects (i.e, parasitoids and predators), pathogenicmicroorganisms (e.g, bacteria, nematodes, pathogenic fungi, and viruses), plant-derived pesticides. and/or sex pheromone.
Key words: Spodoptera frugiperda; biological control; natural enemy insect; entomopathogen; botanical pesticide: sex
pheromone
0 引言
草地貪夜蛾(Spodoptera frugiperda)属于鳞翅目夜蛾科灰翅夜蛾属,据报道源于美洲的热带和亚热带地区,是一种破坏性极强的害虫[1]。2019年1月在我国云南省发现它的踪迹,5月已扩散入侵我国的18个省(市、区)[2]。已在26个省发现入侵和为害,并呈继续北迁的趋势[3]。
草地贪夜蛾属于多食性的昆虫,可对玉米、水稻、高梁、小麦和甘蔗在内的180多种农作物造成破坏[4]。……