万平 郭文婷



【摘要】目的 了解天水市秦州区2016-2020年结核病流行病学特征。方法 采用描述性流行病学研究方法,利用中国疾病预防控制信息系统中的结核病管理信息专报系统数据,对秦州区2016-2020年登记报告的数据资料进行分析。结果 五年共报告肺结核病例1382例,平均发病率4.18/10万,报告发病率、涂片阳性率经趋势卡方检验,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);平均年报告发病率男性2.75/10万、女性1.43/10万;不同性别报告发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);年龄以21-30岁最多365例(12.30%),职业以农民为主1102例(79.74%)。结论 天水市秦州区近五年结核病报告发病率呈逐年下降趋势,病例以男性、农民为主,建议继续加强农村地区结核病防控工作。
【关键词】结核病;流行病学;特征;分析
Abstract: Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in Qinzhou District, Tianshui City from 2016 to 2020. Methods Using descriptive epidemiological research methods: using the registration data of the tuberculosis management information special report system in the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System to analyze the data of the 2016-2020 registration report in Qinzhou District. Results: A total of 1382 pulmonary tuberculosis cases were reported in 5 years, with an average incidence rate of 4.18 per 100,000. The 5-year reported incidence rate and smear positive rate were tested by trend chi-square test, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05); average male The annual reported incidence rate was 2.75/100,000, and the average annual reported incidence of women was 1.43/100,000. The difference in incidence rates reported by different sexes was statistically significant (P<0.05); the age was 21-30 years old, with 365 cases (12.30%) The occupation was mainly farmers, with 1102 cases (79.74%). Conclusion The reported incidence of tuberculosis in Qinzhou District has been declining year by year in the past five years. The cases are mainly male and farmers. It is recommended to continue strengthening tuberculosis prevention and control in rural areas.
Keywords tuberculosis; epidemiology; characteristics; analysis
世界衛生组织(WHO)发布的《2020年全球结核病报告》显示, 2019年全球新发结核病患者约996万,发病率为130/10万,而中国的估算结核病新发患者数为83.3万,估算结核病发病率为58/10万。世界卫生组织终止结核病策略目标是到2035年将结核病发病率降低90%,为了解天水市秦州区结核病疫情特征和变化趋势,笔者对全区近五年来结核病的流行病学特征进行总结分析,为制定 “十四五”期间全区肺结核防治策略提供依据。
1资料与方法
1.1 资料来源:数据资料来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统中的结核病管理信息专报系统,人口资料来源于天水市秦州区统计年鉴。
1.2方法: 采用描述性流行病学方法,分析2016—2020年登记的结核病病例类型、性别分布、时间分布、年龄分布、职业分布、地区分布。……