引导骨再生技术在上前牙种植中的修复效果与美学评价

李剑平 石燕萍 高学舸

[摘要]目的：研究上前牙種植中应用引导骨再生技术的修复效果与美学评价。方法：选择上前牙种植患者140例，随机分为两组。对照组：70例，给予常规修复技术;研究组：70例，采取引导骨再生技术。治疗后对两组Furhauser软组织红色美学指数评分、种植体边缘骨水平及并发症进行比较。结果：两组负重6个月的Furhauser软组织红色美学指数总分无显著性差异;对照组负重12个月的Furhauser软组织红色美学指数总分显著低于研究组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。研究组种植牙负重12个月的近中、远中种植体骨边缘高度显著高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。对照组并发症发生率17.14%，显著高于研究组的4.29%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：上前牙种植中运用引导骨再生技术，能够显著提高修复效果，减少种植体骨边缘吸收，降低并发症发生率。

[关键词]上前牙种植;引导骨再生技术;Furhauser软组织红色美学指数;并发症

[中图分类号]R782.12    [文献标志码]A   [文章编号]1008-6455（2021）06-0122-04

The Effect and Aesthetic Evaluation of Guided Bone Regeneration in the Implantation of Anterior Teeth

LI Jian-ping1，SHI Yan-ping2，GAO Xue-ge1

（1.Department of Oral Surgery， Tangshan Union Medical College Hospital， Tangshan 063000， Hebei，China; 2.Department of Endocrinology， Tangshan Workers' Hospital， Tangshan 063000， Hebei，China）

Abstract： Objective  To study the repair effect and aesthetic evaluation of guided bone regeneration technique in upper anterior teeth implant. Methods  A total of 140 patients with upper anterior teeth implants were selected as the study subjects. They randomly divided into the control group 70 cases， and were given routine repair techniques. Seventy cases were set as the research groups， and taking guided bone regeneration technology. The furhauser soft tissue red aesthetic index score， implant marginal bone level and complications were compared between the two groups. Results  There was no difference in the total score of furhauser soft tissue red aesthetic index between the two groups. The total score of furhauser soft tissue red aesthetic index of the control group was significantly lower than that of the study group （P<0.05）. The height of bone margin of mesial and distal implants in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group （P<0.05）. The incidence of complications in the control group was 17.14%， which was significantly higher than that in the study group （4.29%） （P<0.05）. Conclusion The application of guided bone regeneration technology in maxillary anterior teeth implantation can significantly improve the repair effect， reduce bone marginal absorption and reduce the incidence of complications.

Key words：upper anterior teeth implant;guided bone regeneration technique; furhauser soft tissue red aesthetic index; complications

上前牙种植是通过手术将类似于牙根形态的种植体植入上颌组织内，以获得骨组织固位支持的一种牙缺损修复方法，能为患者提供与天然牙功能、结构及外形基本一致的效果[1]。但近年来的研究表明，上前牙种植后部分患者会出现牙神经损伤、上颌窦穿孔及邻牙缺损等问题，不仅严重影响修复效果，还会诱发种植体周围炎症及种植体脱落[2]。段子文等[3]认为，这些问题的出现与软组织塌陷、牙槽骨吸收萎缩等有关，且患者全身状况与局部条件及种植系统的选择不同，种植修复的成功率或存留率也有差异。据临床经验分析，上前牙种植体植入后，唇侧骨板厚度需大于2mm，才能避免种植点骨量不足的出现[4]。引导骨再生技术作为诱导牙周膜细胞冠向移动、生长分化的治疗方法，可在一定条件下促进牙周膜、牙槽骨及牙骨质的再生，形成种植体周围软硬组织增量，达到种植体的长期稳定[5]。……