19种高原绿化灌木的抗寒性评价

2021-11-26 20:33:51王丽耿生莲郑长禄永嘎拉毛
安徽农业科学 2021年21期
关键词:综合评价

王丽 耿生莲 郑长禄 永嘎拉毛

摘要 [目的]揭示19种高原灌木对低温胁迫的生理响应和抗寒性差异。[方法]以栽植苗木的一年生枝条为材料,研究低温处理(-5、-15和-25 ℃)对参试树种相对电导率、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量及脯氨酸含量的影响,并采用隶属函数法对参试树种的抗寒性进行了综合评价。[结果]随胁迫程度的加剧,参试树种的相对电导率均呈逐渐升高趋势;多数参试树种的SOD和POD活性呈现先升高后降低的趋势,其活性在-15 ℃或-25 ℃胁迫条件下达到峰值;大部分树种中脯氨酸含量随胁迫程度加剧而增加,MDA含量则呈先增加后减少或逐步增加的趋势。参试树种的抗寒性强弱顺序依次为水柏枝>甘蒙柽柳>黄刺玫>紫丁香>金叶榆>乌柳>四川丁香>红刺玫>香荚蒾>山杏>香茶藨子>沙棘>连翘>牡丹>珍珠梅>紫叶李>紫叶矮樱>榆叶梅>暴马丁香。[结论]该研究可为筛选适宜高海拔地区城镇园林栽培灌木树种提供依据。

关键词 低温胁迫;灌木;生理指标;隶属函数;综合评价

中图分类号 S 718.3  文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611(2021)21-0149-05

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.21.036

開放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):

Evaluation of Cold-resistance of 19 Plateau Shrubs

WANG Li   GENG Sheng-lian   ZHENG Chang-lu3,4 et al

(1. Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry,Xining, Qinghai 810016; 2. Qinghai Plateau Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016; 3. Qinghai Economic Research Institute, Xining, Qinghai 810008; 4. Qinghai Research Center of Ecological Civilization, Xining, Qinghai 810008)

Abstract [Objective]To reveal the physiological response and cold resistance of 19 plateau shrubs to low temperature stress. [Method]Taking annual branches of seedlings as materials, the effects of low temperature treatment (- 5 ℃, - 15 ℃ and - 25 ℃) on the relative conductivity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, peroxidase (POD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and proline content of the tested tree species were studied, and the cold resistance of the tested tree species was comprehensively evaluated by membership function method. [Result]The results showed that the relative electric conductivity (REC) increased with the development of the stress levels. For most of the testing species, the activity of leaf superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) first increased with stress level, and peaked at stress treatment of -15 ℃ or -25 ℃. The content of proline in most tree species increased with the aggravation of stress, while the content of MDA increased first and then decreased or gradually increased. The content of MDA increased first and then decreased or gradually increased. The order of cold-resistance from high to low was as follows: Myricaria laxiflora>Tamarix austromongolica> Rosa xanthina>Syringa oblata>Ulmus pumila cv ‘Jinye>Salix cheilophila>Syringa sweginzowii>Rosa rugosa var. cathayensis>Viburnum farreri>Armeniaca sibirica>Ribes odoratum>Hippophae rhamnoides> Forsythia suspensa>Paeonia suffruticosa>Sorbaria sorbifolia>PrunusCerasifera>Prunus×cisterna>Amygdalustriloba>Syringa reticulate.[Conclusion]The study can provide a basis for screening shrub species suitable for urban garden cultivation in high altitude areas.

Key words Low-temperature stress;Shrub;Physiological index;Subordinate function;Comprehensive evaluation

基金项目

青海省科学技术厅科技攻关項目(2018-NK-A3-4)。

作者简介 王丽(1985—),女,内蒙古商都人,工程师,在读博士,从事植物抗逆生理研究。*通信作者,副研究员,从事城市林业、生态修复研究。

收稿日期 2021-03-31;修回日期 2021-07-22

绿化是改善城市生态环境的有效途径,可有效吸收大气污染物,调节局地气候。但绿化树种的选择需考虑区域气候条件,坚持“适地适树”基本原则。青海省地处青藏高原东北部,平均海拔在3 500 m以上[1],年均气温低……

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