2种方法提取温郁金挥发油成分比较

邹传宗 李惠芳

摘要 [目的]比较2种不同的提取方法对温郁金挥发油的产率及成分的影响。[方法]分别采用共水蒸馏法和乙醚提取法提取温郁金挥发油，采用GC-MS联用技术分离鉴定挥发油成分，面积归一化法确定各成分的相对含量。[结果]共水蒸馏法出油率为2.91%，乙醚提取法出油率为1.68%。从共水蒸馏法和乙醚提取法挥发油中分别鉴定出46和40种成分，共水蒸馏法所提挥发油主要成分为莪术烯、β-榄香烯酮、5-羟基-3-甲基-1-茚酮等，乙醚提取法所提挥发油主要成分有β-榄香烯、（+）-香橙烯、异龙脑等。[结论]2种方法以共水蒸馏法产率更高，乙醚提取法挥发油色泽更佳;2种方法中挥发油成分的主要类型均为萜类，其中乙醚提取法萜类含量更高，达到85%，其共有成分为20种，主要为β-榄香烯、异龙脑、β-榄香烯酮、桉油烯醇、β-瑟林烯、吉马酮等，但在含量上有一定差异，为温郁金挥发油的质量控制提供一定依据。

关键词 温郁金;挥发油;产率;成分;气相-质谱联用

中图分类号 R 284.2  文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）21-0181-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.21.046

開放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Comparison of Essential Oil in Curcuma aromatica Salisb.Extracted by Two Methods

ZOU Chuan-zong，LI Hui-fang

（Gansu Medical College，Pingliang，Gansu 744000）

Abstract [Objective] To compare the effects of two different extraction methods on the yield and composition of the volatile oil in Curcuma aromatica Salisb..[Method] The volatile oil of C.aromatica was extracted by co-water distillation and ether extraction respectively，and the components of the volatile oil were separated and identified by GC-MS combined technology，and the relative content of each component was determined by the area normalization method.[Result] The oil yield of co-water distillation method was 2.91%，and the oil yield of ether extraction method was 1.68%.46 and 40 components were identified from the volatile oils by co-water distillation and ether extraction，respectively.The main components of the volatile oil extracted by the co-water distillation method were curzerene，β-elemenone，5-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-indanone;the main chemical components by ether extraction method were β-elemene，（+）-aromadendrene，isoborneol.[Conclusion]For the two methods，the yield of co-water distillation method is higher，and the color of volatile oil by ether extraction method is better.The main components of volatile oil from two method are terpenes，among them，the content of terpenoids in the ether extraction method is higher，reaching 85%.There are 20 common compounds in the volatile oil，mainly β-elemene，isoborneol，β-elemenone，eucalyptol，β-cerinene，gemarone，etc.，but but their contents were different，which provides a theoretical basis for quality control of the essential oil in C.aromatica.

Key words Curcuma aromatica Salisb.;Volatile oil;Yield;Composition;GC-MS

基金项目

甘肃省科技支撑计划项目（144FKCL076）。

作者简介 邹传宗（1975—），男，湖北罗田人，副教授，硕士，从事天然药物活性成分研究。

收稿日期 2021-04-08

温郁金（Curcuma aromatica Salisb.）为姜科（Zingiberaceae）姜黄属（Curcuma）植物，其块状根茎作为中药材“姜黄”使用，主产于我国东南部至西南部各省区，具有行气解郁、破瘀、止痛的功效[1-2]。温郁金中富含挥发油，主要为萜类物质，现代研究表明温郁金挥发油有很好的抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗病毒作用[3-4]，其抗肿瘤活性成分主要为β-榄香烯、莪术醇、莪术酮、莪术二酮和异莪术醇等，其中β-榄香烯为我国研制的广谱抗癌二类新药，温郁金油抗癌作用大小依次为莪术醇>莪术二酮>β-榄香烯>吉马酮[5-8]。温郁金……