黑河黄藏寺水利枢纽优化调度研究

李莹莹 陈子豪 杨建顺 唐娜 董国涛

摘 要：黑河流域水資源开发利用所带来的生态环境问题由来已久，随着流域经济社会的不断发展，农业灌溉用水和绿洲生态用水矛盾日益突出，位于黑河干流上游的黄藏寺水利枢纽工程建成运行后，将控制黑河上游来水总量的65%～84%，处于黑河水资源工程管理体系的核心位置。为充分发挥黄藏寺水利枢纽在黑河水资源配置中的重要作用，在调查收集黑河干流水文、气象、中下游用水规律、河道输水效率、黄藏寺水利枢纽和下游梯级电站设计标准的基础上，建立了优化调度模型，采用多目标遗传算法求解模型，制定满意度考核标准，确定水库调度运行方案。研究结果表明，该模型可有效提高黑河水资源调度的科学性和公平性，具有较高的可操作性和灵活性，可为黄藏寺水利枢纽调度运行提供理论支撑。

关键词：黄藏寺水利枢纽;优化调度;遗传算法;黑河

中图分类号：TV697

文献标志码：A

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2021.11.027

引用格式：李莹莹，陈子豪，杨建顺，等.黑河黄藏寺水利枢纽优化调度研究[J].人民黄河，2021，43（11）：140-146.

Study on Optimal Operation of Heihe Huangzangsi Water Control Project

LI Yingying1， CHEN Zihao  YANG Jianshun1， TANG Na  DONG Guotao4

（1.Heihe Huangzangsi Water Control Project Construction & Management Bureau， Lanzhou 730030， China;

2.Lanzhou Jiaotong University， Lanzhou 730070， China; 3.Heihe Water Bureau， Lanzhou 730030， China;

4.Heihe Water Resources and Ecological Protection Research Center， Lanzhou 730030， China）

Abstract： The development and utilization of water resources in HeiheRiver basin have brought about ecological and environmental problems for a long time. With the continuous development of the basin economy and society， contradictions between agricultural irrigation water and ecological water oasis are increasing. After the completion and operation of the Huangzangsi Water Control Project， which is located on the upstream of Heihe River， it will control 65%-84% of the total inflow from the upstream of the river and will be in the core of Heihe River water resources project management system. In order to give full play to the Huangzangsi Water Control Project the important role of water allocation in the Heihe River， based on the investigation and collection of hydrology and meteorology of the main river， water use law and water conveyance efficiency in the middle and lower reaches， the design standard of the project and cascade hydropower stations on the lower reaches， it established an optimal scheduling model， formulated the satisfactory solution assessment standard and determined the reservoir operation scheme by using multi-objective genetic algorithm model. The results show that the model can effectively improve the scientificity and fairness of Heihe water resources dispatching and has higher operability and flexibility， which can provide theoretical support for the dispatching operation of Huangzangsi Water Control Project.

Key words： Huangzangsi Water Control Project; optimal scheduling; genetic algorithm; Heihe River

黑河发源于青海省祁连山脉，流经青海、甘肃、内蒙古三省（区），随着黑河流域经济社会的不断发展，中游农业灌溉用水与下游绿洲生态用水矛盾日益突出。2000年黑河干流中游采取“全线闭口、集中下泄”的水量调度措施以来，有效缓解了下游生态环境的恶化。但是，黑河上游缺乏控制性调蓄工程，生态供水期与中游农业灌溉用水期重叠，水资源管理与调度仍面临极大挑战[1]。……