小学数学课堂的生成性策略

童威

【摘    要】生成性教学通过创设具体生动的问题情境，引导学生形成个体体验，开展蕴含具有思维含量的自我对话，对培养学生自主学习能力，形成良好学习习惯，进而形成创新性思维能力都具有良好的促进作用。生成性教学不仅适合高年级数学教学，同样也适应低年级的课堂教学。在小学数学课堂教学中，要创设生成性教学必须做到：以教材文本为源头，通过弹性预设铺展生成;引导学生自主体验，通过具体情境促进生成;利用学生原思考力，以问题思辨滋养生成。

【关键词】课堂;生成性教学;弹性预设;自主体验;问题思辨

中图分类号：G623.5       文献标识码：A      文章编号：1006-7485（2021）33-0049-02

Generative Strategies in Primary School Mathematics  Class

（Beidou Primary School，Shenzhen City，Guangdong Province，China） TONG Wei

【Abstract】Generative teaching guides students to form individual experiences by creating specific and vivid problem situations， and carry out self-dialogues with thinking content， which is good for cultivating students' independent learning ability， forming good learning habits， and then the formation of innovative thinking ability has a good role in promoting. Generative teaching is not only suitable for upper grade mathematics teaching， but also suitable for lower grade classroom teaching. In the mathematics classroom teaching of the lower grades， the creation of generative teaching must be done： take the text of the textbook as the source and spread the generation through flexible presets; guide the students to experience independently and promote the generation through specific situations; use the students original thinking ability to solve problems speculative nourishment.

【Keywords】Classroom; Generative teaching; Flexible presupposition; Independent experience; Problem thinking

有人認为，生成性教学在高年级教学中方才有效，其理由是高年级学生有一定的知识基础，同时也掌握了基本的学习方法，具备展开独立思考的基本条件，为教师开展生成性教学提供了可能。而低年级课程，尤其是数学课程不具备这些条件，因此不适合采用这个方法，主张固守“教师讲，学生听”的传统模式，按照教师预设的内容，按部就班推进。实践证明，这个观念是错误的，生成性教学法同样适用低年级数学课堂教学。本文就小学数学课堂教学如何开展生成性教学谈谈自己的体会与做法。

一、以教材文本为源头，通过弹性预设铺展生成

无论是低年级还是高年级，数学学科基础知识是开展生成性教学的基本载体和依托，离开了教材文本这一知识源头，就不会有真正意义上的生成性教学。……