从祛风、化痰、逐瘀论治哮喘-慢阻肺重叠

2021-12-16 18:20:09王恬夏骏兰央草陈裕文
中国中医药图书情报 2021年6期

王恬 夏骏 兰央草 陈裕文

摘要:哮喘-慢阻肺重叠(ACO)是指在临床上同一患者具备哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病的多项临床特征,通常导致更频繁的发作次数、更高的医疗资源消耗度。ACO根据其临床证候的不同,可归属于中医学“喘证”“哮病”及“肺胀”范畴。2021年全球哮喘防治倡议(GINA)提出ACO最新临床特征及治疗原则,但关于ACO的中医学认识尚未达成共识。本文尝试从风、痰、瘀角度探讨ACO的病因病机及治法。

关键词:祛风;化痰;逐瘀;哮喘-慢阻肺重叠;病因病机;治法;综述

中图分类号:R256;R563 文献标识码:A 文章编号:2095-5707(2021)06-0070-05

Abstract: Asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap (ACO) is a clinical description of the same patient with multiple clinical characteristics of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It usually leads to more frequent attacks and higher consumption of medical resources. According to its different clinical symptoms, ACO belongs to the categories of “asthma”, “panting” and “lung distention” in TCM. The 2021 GINA guidelines put forward the latest clinical features and treatment principles of ACO, but there is no consensus on the understanding of ACO in TCM. This article attempted to explore the etiology, pathogenesis and treatment methods of ACO from the perspective of wind, phlegm and blood stasis.

Key words: expel wind; resolve phlegm; expel blood stasis; ACO; etiology and pathogenesis; treatment methods; review

临床上支气管哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病(以下简称“慢阻肺”)是呼吸科最常见的两种慢性疾病,目前对这两种疾病的中西医诊治已越来越规范化。与此同时,我们常常观察到部分患者兼具哮喘与慢阻肺两种疾病的临床特点,其中医学相关认识尚未达成共识。本文尝试从风、痰、瘀角度,探讨哮喘-慢阻肺重叠的病因病机及治则治法。

1 现代医学对于哮喘-慢阻肺重叠的认识

哮喘-慢阻肺重叠(ACO)是指在临床上同一患者具备哮喘和慢阻肺的多项临床特征。支气管哮喘和慢阻肺是呼吸系统最常见的两种慢性疾病,临床上观察到这两种疾病可以合并存在,这种假说最早由荷兰研究员迪克·奥里(Dick Orie)于1961年提出,又被称为“荷兰假说”[1-2]。2015年,慢性阻塞性肺疾病全球倡议(Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Disease,GOLD)和全球哮喘防治倡議(The Global Initiative for Asthma,GINA)联合提出哮喘-慢性阻塞性肺病重叠综合征(Asthma-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap Syndrome,ACOS)的概念,可称之为GOLD/GINA标准[3-4],该标准提出ACOS的定义是以持续性的气流限制为基本特征,有几个特征与哮喘有关,也有几个特征与慢阻肺有关的一类综合征。……

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