钟响亮








摘 要:大型计算软件提供的丰富单元类型为仿真计算带来了极大便利,而如何选取合适的单元类型是保证仿真精度的关键要素之一。选用ABAQUS软件中常用的几种实体单元类型,以某公司无轨电车上拉杆产品为研究对象,对其进行有限元网格划分,分析其结构静强度,并对比研究计算结果以发现相关规律。通过实例计算比较了不同单元类型对计算结果精度的影响,并为有限元分析建模过程中单元类型的选取提出一些建议。
关键词:单元类型;ABAQUS软件;有限元分析;上拉杆结构
中图分类号:TP391 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5168(2021)18-0061-05
Abstract: The rich cell types provided by large-scale computing software provide convenience for computing. How to select the appropriate element type is one of the key elements to ensure the simulation accuracy. In this paper, several solid element types commonly used in ABAQUS software are selected, and the trolley car upper tie rod products of a company are taken as the research object. The finite element mesh is divided, the structural static strength analysis is carried out, and the calculation results are compared. The effects of different element types on the accuracy of calculation results are compared through example calculation, and some suggestions on the selection of element types in the process of finite element analysis and modeling are put forward.
Keywords: unit type;ABAQUS software;finite element analysis;upper tie rod structure
仿真計算是解决复杂工程结构设计中分析计算问题的重要工具,能够为产品的设计开发提供最优方案。精确细致的有限元网格模型是仿真计算精度的有力保证[1-3]。目前,主流的有限元商业软件提供了丰富的单元类型。以ABAQUS软件为例,它的单元库包括8个大类,单元种类总计多达433种。对于仿真分析从业者而言,如何准确选取特定单元类型至关重要。本研究结合典型的机械产品无轨电车拉杆,使用不同单元类型创建有限元模型,对计算精度进行探讨。相关结论有助于仿真分析工程师正确挑选单元类型,快速获取准确的仿真结果。
1 单元类型的介绍及选取
按照节点位移插值的阶数,ABAQUS软件中的实体单元可以分为两大类。第一类,线性单元(一阶单元),仅在单元的角点处布置节点,在各个方向都采用线性插值。第二类,二次单元(二阶单元),除了角点处的节点外,在每条边上还布置有中间节点,采用二次插值。……