袁正国 周雨 汪如良 黄丹萍



摘要 本文利用常规气象观测资料、加密自动站雨量资料及FNL再分析资料,对比分析2020年6月29—7月1日东津水库持续暴雨天气从天气形势、水汽输送、热动力条件及雷达回波等方面。结果表明:入库水位上涨对强降水有较好的响应,但存在8~12 h的时间差;中低层辐合区和切变线的共同作用为强降雨天气提供了有利抬升条件,低层辐合和高层辐散形成的“抽吸作用”有效促进了低层水汽的上升运动;在强降水天气出现的过程中,垂直运动和位涡发展对库区暴雨落区与强度预报有一定的指示意义;雷达回波上,逆风区长时间出现和“列车效应”,对暴雨天气有良好的预报参考意义。
关键词 强降水;位涡;列车效应
中图分类号:P458 文献标识码:B 文章编号:2095–3305(2021)08–0032–05
Analysis of Precipitation Process in Dongjin Rese-rvoir On 6.30
YUAN zheng-guo et al(Jiangxi Meteor-ological Information Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330096)
Abstract Based on conventional meteo-rological observation data, rainfall data of encrypted automatic station and FNL reanalysis data, the continuous rainstorm weather of Dongjin Reservoir from June 29 to July 1, 2020 is compared and analyzed from the aspects of weather situation, water vapor transportation, thermal power condition and radar echo. The results show that the rise of water level in storage has a good response to heavy precipitation, but there is a time difference of 8~12 hours. The combined action of middle and low layer convergence zone and shear line provides favorable uplift conditions for heavy rainfall weather. The "suction effect" formed by low layer convergence and high layer divergence effectively promotes the rising movement of water vapor in the lower layer. In the process of heavy precipitation weather, the vertical movement and bit vortex development have some instructive significance for the heavy rainfall fall area and intensity forecast in the reservoir area. On the radar echo, the time of adverse wind area governor and "train effect" , which have a good reference significance for rainstorm weather.
Key words Heavy Precipitation Vortex; Train Effect
江西省自2019年以來降水偏多,防汛形势严峻,雨季(3—6月)时间长,降水过程集中、局地性强,全省各主要江河发生暴洪风险等级高。为减少洪涝灾害损失,合理利用和保护水资源,科学开展库区降水面雨量预报工作非常必要。东津水库位于江西省西北部修水县境内修河上游(铜鼓、修水境内),水库坝址以上流域面积1 080 km2,多年平均流量30.2 m3/s,为多年调节水库,正常蓄水位190 m,设计洪水位196.5 6 m,属省内中型水库[1-2]。
修河属鄱阳湖水系,三面环山,其中北、西以幕阜山脉和大侈山为主,南面上游部分为九岭山脉。受亚热带湿润季风气候影响,流域内汛期炎热多雨,流量极不稳定,水位变幅大,较低的地方极易受到暴雨山洪灾害的影响。……