陈怡璇 邓浏平 张阳 王旋 谭观萍 齐刚毅 陈舜尧 谢会雅 罗真华 周毅



摘 要:为进一步提升茶陵县烟叶专业化烘烤工作质量和服务水平,针对茶陵县专业化烘烤存在的烘烤人员水平不高、烘烤工艺落实不精准、烤房老化性能下降、监督考核不到位等问题,采取了加大队伍建设力度、严把采收成熟度、精准落实烘烤工艺、加强烤房管护、加强监督考核等措施。结果表明,2020年烤后正组烟叶比例达91.19%,较2019年提高5.74%,烤青、烤杂比例均有所下降,烘烤质量有所提升。
关键词:茶陵县;专业化烘烤;问题;对策
中图分类号 S572 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731(2021)23-0136-03
Problems and Countermeasures of Specialized Tobacco Curing in Chaling County
CHEN Yixuan et al.
(Zhuzhou Tobacco Company, Zhuzhou 412000, China)
Abstract: In order to further improve the quality and service level of specialized tobacco curing in Chaling County, in view of the problems existing in specialized curing in Chaling County, such as low level of curing personnel, inaccurate implementation of curing process, decline in aging performance of curing house, inadequate supervision and assessment, measures have been taken to strengthen team construction, strictly control harvest maturity, accurately implement curing process, strengthen management and protection of curing house Strengthen supervision and assessment and other measures. The results show that the proportion of flue-cured tobacco leaves in the positive group will reach 91.19% in 2020, an increase of 5.74% over 2019, the proportion of green and miscellaneous leaves will be reduced, and the baking quality will be improved.
Key words: Chaling County; Specialized baking; Problems; Countermeasure
1 引言
煙叶烘烤是烟叶质量彰显的重要环节之一[1-3],良好的烘烤技术可以实现烟叶增产、增值、增收,充分体现烟叶的使用价值[4-6]。专业化烘烤的推广实施对于提高烟叶烘烤水平、促进烟叶高质量发展发挥了重要作用,但也存在专业化烘烤规模小、费用较高、示范作用不明显等亟待解决的问题[1,3]。为此,笔者对茶陵县2019—2020年的烟叶专业化烘烤进行了调查研究,分析存在问题,提出相应的对策建议,以期为提升烟叶专业化烘烤水平提供参考。
2 存在的问题及原因分析
2.1 专业化烘烤存在的问题 2019年,茶陵县专业化烘烤采取“1+N”模式,即由烟农合作社(以下简称合作社)组织农民烤师对相应烤房负责烘烤操作,同时对成熟采收、分类编烟、装烟上炕、回潮下炕等进行技术指导和质量把关。由表1可知,2019年茶陵县烟叶专业化分级烘烤烤后烟能够进入正组的烟叶比例平均为85.45%,烤坏烟主要为烤青烟与烤杂烟,所占比例分别为5.56%、8.99%。……