聂云霞 罗宛清
摘 要:区块链技术的去中心化、智能合约、全程留痕等技术特点对保障电子文件可信具有较高的适用性。但是,仅仅依靠技术改良并不能建设可信电子文件,区块链系统还存在着安全性问题、内容安全与系统效率矛盾和哈希验证等难题。文章从构建可信电子文件保障制度着手,从健全法律法规、确定区块链行业技术标准、规范电子文件管理流程、建立科学合理的区块链节点筛选机制等角度提出相关建议。
关键词:区块链;可信电子文件;保障体系
分类号:G271
Analysis of the Credible Electronic Records Guarantee System Based on Blockchain
Nie Yunxia, Luo Wanqing
(History Department of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031)
Abstract:Building credible electronic records is an inevitable requirement of the development of the times. The technical characteristics of blockchain technology, such as decentralization, smart contracts, and full trace retention, have high applicability for ensuring the credibility of electronic records. However, relying on technological improvements cannot build credible electronic records. For the problem of the blockchain system,there are still existing some problems to be solved,such as conflicts between content security and system efficiency, and hash verification. This article starts with the establishment of a credible electronic record guarantee system, suggestions are put forward from improving laws and regulations, determining the technical standards of the blockchain industry, standardizing the management process of electronic records, and establishing reasonable blockchain node screening,and so on.
Keywords:Blockchain; Credible Electronic Records; Guarantee System
1 引 言
无论是记录信息还是充当凭证,电子文件的可信度至关重要。《“十四五”全国档案事业发展规划》(以下简称《“十四五”规划》)明确要求,“提升档案数字资源安全管理能力。”“引导信息技术在档案管理领域安全应用,健全档案网络、档案信息系统和档案数字资源安全保密防护体系。”“重点开展新一代信息技术在档案管理中的应用”。[1]区块链作为一项新兴技术,其不可篡改等技术特性十分契合电子文件来源可靠、程序规范、要素合规的要求。2017年1月,国家档案局在科技项目立项选题指南中明确提出在电子文件归档与电子档案管理方面,要围绕区块链技术的应用等方面开展研究。
国内外档案学者围绕区块链技术架构,很多研究基于区块链的电子文件管理实践探索,包括 RecordKeeper项目、TrustChain模型、 可信保护框架模型和ARCHANGEL 项目等。许海涛[2]、王子鹏[3]、王平[4]分别从区块链技术在可信电子文件……