王万成
摘 要:美国频曝高校招生舞弊案,美国的富人、明星利用不正当的手段使其子女进入美国的知名高校,凸显了美国高等教育的不公平问题。目前我国高等教育正处于深化招生制度改革的重要阶段,发生在美国的高校招生舞弊案件值得我们深入分析并引以为戒。文章通过对比分析中美高等教育招生制度的差异,基于教育资源配置的平等原则、差异原则和补偿原则,比较了二者招生制度的公平性,得出了现阶段美国高等教育招生制度存在显著的不公平性,而中国高等教育招生制度实现了最大范围和程度的公平的结论,并提出了新形势下不断优化和完善我国高等教育招生改革工作的相关建议。
关键词:中美高校招生制度;公平性;比较研究
中图分类号:G640 文献标志码:A 文章编号:2096-000X(2021)36-0001-05
Abstract: The college enrollment frauds were frequently exposure in the United States, where rich people and stars in the country have used improper means to bring their children into well-known universities, which highlighting the unfairness of higher education in the United States. At present, our country is in an important stage of deepening the reform of the enrollment system. That case deserves our attention. Based on the principles of equality, difference and compensation in the allocation of educational resources, this paper compares the fairness of the two enrollment systems, concluded that there is significant inequity in the American higher education enrollment system at the present stage, while the Chinese higher education enrollment system has achieved the greatest extent and degree of equity, and also puts forward some suggestions to continuously optimize and improve the reform of higher education enrollment in China under the new situation.
Keywords: enrollment system of China and the United States; equity; comparative Study
高等教育一向被視为国家综合国力的象征,近年来,在国家“双一流”建设举措下,中国高等教育的发展非常迅速。美国在高等教育方面的整体实力毋庸置疑,然而2019年上半年媒体所曝出的美国迄今史上规模最大的高校招生舞弊案,为我们提供了一个审视美国高等教育某些方面不足的契机。美国大学的招生录取制度与我国大有不同。近来,美国名校招生舞弊案令全世界愕然,这说明美国的高等教育招生制度虽然顶着“多元化”的名号,却远非一片净土。在全球高等教育竞争日益激烈的今天,这对我国高等教育坚定走自己的路,创建具有中国特色的世界一流大学,具有重要的启发意义。……