旅游型城镇资源环境承载力测度

石丹，尤加兴，关婧文

摘要：基于旅游资源、生态环境、经济社会三大子系统，构建典型旅游城镇二道白河镇资源环境承载力评价体系，利用综合指数模型对其资源环境承载力进行测度，探讨二道白河镇资源环境承载力及其三大子系统发展趋势及其特征.研究结果表明：（1）生态环境承载力子系统已成为二道白河镇资源环境承载力发展制约因素;（2）超过三分之一的年份至少有一大子系统处于劣势地位，子系统均衡发展需引起重视;（3）资源环境承载力除2015年综合指数略微下降外，其余年份综合指数均呈现稳步上升趋势，承载力水平实现了从低水平向高水平的根本转变，但2019年仍处于Ⅳ级较高水平，离Ⅴ级高水平等级仍有一段距离.

关键词：旅游型城镇;资源环境承载力;综合指数法;二道白河镇

[中图分类号]F592.99[文献标志码]A

Measurement of Resources and Environment

Carrying Capacity of Tourism Towns

——Taking Erdaobaihe Town as an Example

SHI Dan，YOU Jiaxing，GUAN Jingwen

（College of Tourism and Geographic，Jilin Normal University，Siping 136000，China）

Abstract：Based on the three subsystems of tourism resources， ecological environment，economy and society，this paper constructs the evaluation system of resource and environment carrying capacity of Erdaobaihe Town，a typical tourism town，measures its resource and environment carrying capacity by using the comprehensive index model，and discusses the development trend and corresponding characteristics of Erdaobaihe town's resource and environment carrying capacity and its three subsystems.The results show that：（1）the subsystem of ecological environment carrying capacity has become a restrictive factor for the development of resource and environmental carrying capacity in Erdaobaihe town.（2）In more than one third of the years， there are three subsystems，at least one of which is in a disadvantageous position.（3）Except that the comprehensive index of resources and environment carrying capacity decreased slightly in 2015，the comprehensive index of other years showed a steady upward trend，and the carrying capacity level achieved a fundamental change from low level to high level.However，it is still at level IV in 2019，and there is still a distance from high level V.

Key words：tourism towns;resources and environment carrying capacity;comprehensive index method;Erdaobaihe town

旅游業作为低碳产业得到社会各界充分肯定和广泛支持，随着大众旅游不断发展，旅游资源盲目开发、生态环境不同程度破坏等问题都会给资源环境承载力造成严重威胁.在当前大力推动特色城镇开发新常态下，旅游型城镇资源环境滞后问题也引起业内关注，由于区域内旅游资源、生态环境、经济社会等不均衡发展，导致资源环境压力凸显.资源环境承载力研究已取得丰硕研究成果，不同学者基于研究背景、目的、角度等各项差异，对资源环境承载力展开研究.从研究领域上看，已涉及农业、水、海洋等;从研究区域……