木结构榫卯节点抗震性能及加固对比试验研究

金昱成 苏何先 潘文 何颖成 杜杰伟 付高攀

摘 要：為研究不同加固措施对木结构榫卯节点抗震性能的影响，参照西南地区传统木结构典型榫卯节点做法，制作透榫、半榫和燕尾榫3类共5组榫卯节点试件开展节点拟静力试验，其中4组分别采用扒钉、钢板和木条（两组）加固。对比研究加固与非加固节点试件的破坏形态、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、节点拔榫量和耗能能力等抗震性能参数。结果表明：未加固榫卯节点的主要破坏形态是榫头卯口挤压开裂、榫头拔出，加固节点主要以扒钉断裂、钢板弯扭屈服和木条断裂形态而破坏;所有加固措施均能有效提升节点承载力和降低节点拔榫量，加固节点拔榫量降低比例均超过5%;与扒钉、钢板加固相比，采用木条加固对节点承载力提升效果最为显著，加固后，半榫和燕尾榫节点负向承载力提高超过10倍。同时，木条加固半榫节点的耗能能力提升超过2.6倍，扒钉、钢板加固节点也能明显提升其耗能能力。

关键词：木结构;榫卯节点;节点加固;拟静力试验;抗震性能

中图分类号：TU443 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2096-6717（2022）02-0138-10

基金项目：国家重点研发计划（2020YFD1100703-04）;云南省教育厅科学研究基金（2021J0062）

作者简介：金昱成（1997- ），男，主要从事木结构研究，E-mail：mori10969taka@163.com。

苏何先（通信作者），男，博士，高级实验师， E-mail：sxhh870@kust.edu.cn。

Abstract： In order to investigate the impact of different reinforcement measures on the seismic performance of the mortise-tenon joints in timber structures， five groups of mortise-tenon joint specimens of three types： Tou mortise-tenon joints， Ban mortise-tenon joints， and dovetail mortise-tenon joints were made to carry out the quasi-static tests referring to the typical mortise-tenon joint of traditional timber structure in the southwest region of China. The four groups were reinforced with iron hook， steel plate， and wood strip（two groups）. The seismic performance parameters of reinforced and non-reinforced joint specimens， such as failure forms， hysteretic and skeleton curves， amount of tenon pullout， and energy dissipation， were comparatively studied. The test results show that the main failure modes of the unreinforced mortise-tenon joints are cracking in squeeze of the mortise-tenon and pullout of the tenon.The reinforced joints are mainly damaged by iron hook breakage， steel plate bending-torsion yielding， and wood strip breaking. All the reinforcement measures can effectively improve the bearing capacity of the joint and reduce the pullout of tenon. The reduction ratio of the pullout amount of the reinforced joint is more than 5%. By comparison， the bearing capacity of the joints reinforced with wood strip is improved significantly. The negative bearing capacity of the Ban mortise-tenon joints and dovetail joints is increased by more than 10 times after reinforcement.At the same time， the energy dissipation of the Ban mortise-tenon joint reinforced with wood strips is increased by more than 260%， and the energy dissipation of the reinforced joint with iron hook and steel plate can also be significantly improved.

Keywords：timber structure; mortise-tenon joints; joint reinforcement; quasi-static test; seismic performance

木结构榫卯节点具有半刚性特点，能在地震作用时产生较大滑动位移而减轻结构的地震损伤，但若没有良好的拉结措施，榫卯节点可能脱开而导致节点失稳、房屋倒塌，所以，榫卯节点是木结构抗震设防的关注重点[1]。……