双向等位基因特异性PCR技术在烟草SNP分型中的应用

2022-03-21 04:02:31林世锋王仁刚潘飞王自力元野李尊强任学良龙明锦张吉顺曾吉凡史跃伟
中国烟草科学 2022年1期
关键词:烟草检测

林世锋 王仁刚 潘飞 王自力 元野 李尊强 任学良 龙明锦 张吉顺 曾吉凡 史跃伟

摘  要:为提高抗PVY烟草品种的分子育种效率,本研究针对抗病种质资源半坤村晒烟中隐性抗病基因eIF4E1的SNP位点G149C建立一種简单快速的双向等位基因特异性PCR(Bi-directional PCR amplification of specific alleles,Bi-PASA)检测方法,并对该检测方法的特异性、准确度及实际应用效果进行验证。结果表明,建立的Bi-PASA检测方法能够在一个PCR反应中有效区分eIF4E1基因G149C位点3种基因型:野生型GG、杂合突变型GC、纯合突变型CC。利用Bi-PASA检测方法可以对K326×半坤村晒烟F2分离群体的基因型进行有效鉴别,且鉴定结果与普通的等位基因特异性PCR(allele-specific PCR,AS-PCR)以及直接测序法的鉴定结果一致。综上所述,本研究建立的Bi-PASA检测方法特异性强、准确度高、操作简便,可更好地应用于eIF4E1基因的分子标记辅助育种。

关键词:烟草;eIF4E1基因;双向等位基因特异性PCR;SNP分型

Abstract: In order to improve the efficiency of molecular marker assisted breeding for PVY-resistant tobacco varieties, we dedicated to establish a simple and rapid bi-directional PCR amplification of specific alleles (Bi-PASA) method for detecting the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) G149C of the recessive PVY resistance gene eIF4E1 of the resistant germplasm Bankuncunshaiyan, and to verify the specificity, accuracy and practicality of the established detection method. It turned out that the established Bi-PASA detection method can effectively distinguish the three different genotypes for the G149C SNP of the eIF4E1 gene in a single PCR reaction: wildtype (GG), heterozygous mutant (GC) and homozygous mutant (CC). The genotypes of eIF4E1 in the F2 population derived from K326/Bankuncunshaiyan were successfully identified by the Bi-PASA method. In addition, the genotypes of the F2 population identified by the established Bi-PASA method were all the same with that identified by the conventional allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) and direct sequencing, which suggested that the established Bi-PASA method is characterized by strong specificity, high accuracy and simple operation. Therefore, it can be better applied in the eIF4E1 gene marker assisted breeding.

Keywords: tobacco; eIF4E1; bi-directional PCR amplification of specific alleles; SNP genotyping

由马铃薯Y病毒(Potato virus Y,PVY)引起的烟草马铃薯Y病毒病是烟草生产中的严重病害之一[1]。抗性基因的挖掘和利用是抗PVY育种的基础[2-3]。研究显示,在栽培烟草中,真核翻译起始因子4E1(eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E1,elF4E1)基因为烟草PVY隐性抗病基因,即感PVY基因,该基因的缺失或突变使烟草获得PVY抗性[4]。2020年,本课题组[5]对抗PVY烟草品种半坤村晒烟中的PVY抗性基因进行等位性检测,结果显示半坤村晒烟的PVY抗性同样由eIF4E1基因控制。进一步序列分析表明,相较于感病品种,半坤村晒烟的eIF4E1基因编码区存在一个单核甘酸多态性(SNP)位点,即第149位碱基由G突变为C,属于错义突变,编码的氨基酸由色氨酸突变为丝氨酸,进而造成半坤村晒烟对PVY产生抗病性,该单碱基突变为进行eIF4E1等位基因分型提供了依据。……

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