候伟,王声,罗宇,侯志鹏,鲁钟文




[摘 要]摄影测量技术属于近年来在飞机装配领域中最前沿的数字化检测技术之一,它以较低的经费、灵活的操作、较高的检测精度、大部件及大测量范围等特点在数字化制造及检测领域得到了迅速的推广。文章介绍了摄影测量系统的组成、摄影测量技术的原理及特征,并选取典型装配件对摄影测量技术在飞机装配中的实施方案及检测步骤进行讨论。
[关键词]摄影测量;反光标志;基准尺;激光跟踪仪;V-STARS软件;Geomagic软件
[中图分类号]V262.4 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]2095–6487(2022)02–00–03
Application of Photogrammetry Technology in Aircraft Assembly
Hou Wei,Wang Sheng,Luo Yu,Hou Zhi-peng,Lu Zhong-wen
[Abstract]Photogrammetry technology is one of the most advanced digital inspection technologies in the field of aircraft assembly in recent years. It has been rapidly popularized in the field of digital manufacturing and testing due to its low cost, flexible operation, high detection accuracy, large components and large measurement range. Based on this, the article first briefly expounds the composition of the photogrammetry system, further introduces the principle and characteristics of photogrammetry technology in detail, selects typical assemblies to discuss the implementation plan and detection steps of photogrammetry technology in aircraft assembly, and makes the majority of scientific and technological workers Can quickly understand and master this key and core technology.
[Keywords]photogrammetry; reflective signs; datum ruler; laser tracker; V-STARS software; Geomagic software
由于飛机大部件具有结构复杂、外形尺寸大的特点,按传统工艺方法,对飞机气动外形的检测往往依赖于工装卡板、模线样板等,无法对飞机外形进行准确检测,而与其他国内的数字化测量技术手段如:激光跟踪仪、电子经纬仪、电子全站仪、室内GPS(iGPS)、激光雷达相比,摄影测量技术具有测量精度高、测量速度快、测量范围的尺寸大、操作灵活、便携性强、环境适应性高(不易受温度变化、振动等外界因素的干扰)、无需开机预热、价格相对便宜等诸多卓越优势,而迅速且广泛地应用到飞机装配测量领域中。
摄影技术是通过照相的方式取得被拍摄的形状及大小,以设置的基准尺为参考,将拍摄的被测物体进行三维空间理论数值进行转化或拟合的一种先进测量技术。本文所涉及的摄影测量是以V-STARS系统为核心的。V-STARS系统全称为Video-Simultaneous Triangulation and Resection System,是一种用于近景摄影的三维坐标测量系统,由美国GSI公司于1994年提出,经长期实践应用,该系统性能已得到肯定。……