王慧,宋栋,郭渊博






摘 要: 研究如何在产量柔性条件下确定供货量和订购量,以助企业取得最佳的预期收益。首先运用SARIMA模型预测未来24周里每周供货商应满足的订货量,然后以保障生产稳定性和原材料订购结构优化为目标,建立目标规划模型;同时,考虑到实际供货量可能多于或少于订货量,引入风险因子反映供货量的波动特征;最后制定每周最经济的订购策略。实验结果表明,该模型具有良好的鲁棒性。
关键词: 订购决策; 目标规划; SARIMA模型; 风险因子
中图分类号:TP399 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-8228(2022)06-37-03
Raw material ordering policy combining model prediction and objective programming
Wang Hui1, Song Dong2, Guo Yuanbo1
(1. Cryptography Engineering Institute, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China;
2. Beijing Institute of Satellite Information Engineering)
Abstract: In this paper, we mainly focus on how to determine the quantity of supply and order under the condition of volume flexibility, so as to help the enterprise obtain the best expected profit. SARIMA model is used to predict the weekly order quantity that suppliers should meet in the next 24 weeks, and then an objective programming model is established to ensure production stability and optimization of raw material ordering structure. Considering that the actual supply may be more or less than the order, a risk factor is introduced to reflect the fluctuation characteristics of the supply. Finally, the most economical ordering strategy for each week is formulated. Experimental result shows that the model has good robustness.
Key words: ordering policy; objective programming; SARIMA model; risk factor
0 引言
當前,产品生命周期不断缩短,需求瞬息万变,竞争压力增加。如何在不确定性环境下制定订购策略,使得企业获取最佳收益,是本文研究的关键问题。Arnold[1]等人采用最优控制办法解决企业最优订购与库存战略问题;Zhang Minjie[2]通过构建基于选择性订购策略的订购模型,解决何时对原材料补充订购以及订购量是多少等问题;Meiyan Chen[3]提出了基于EOQ模型的确定性需求分析;Zhang Xiaoyue[4]等人提出了竞争订购策略;Yang Zhiyuan[5]等人提出基于控制限策略的订购策略;考虑到供应不确定性与需求的非平稳性,Lu Hui[6]等人采取“两阶段”的处理决策,在假定物料充足的情况下,制定原材料需求计划。
考虑到产量柔性的存在,实际供货量可能多于或少于订货量,因此,本文引入风险因子反映供货量的波动特征,然后运用SARIMA模型预测未来24周里每周的供货商应满足的订货量,最后以保障生产稳定性和原材料订购结构优化为目标,建立目标规划模型,制定每周最经济的订购策略。……