妇科抢救用抗菌止血敷料制备及应用

余甜　杨小颀　范洋阳

摘要：针对妇科抢救用止血敷料止血效果不佳，抗菌性能差的问题，提出用PVA/SA 止血海绵和CS/PVA 纳米纤维膜通过热熔压敏胶粘合制备新型止血敷料，并探讨了制备过程中，PVA/SA 止血海绵中海藻酸钠的最佳含量、工艺和抗菌止血效果。结果表明：PVA/SA 止血海绵中海藻酸钠最佳含量为2.5%;纳米纤维膜最佳纺丝工艺为电压21 kV、纺丝液流量0.4 mL/h、接收距离13 cm;在此工艺下制备的纳米纤维膜经过戊二醛交联后，性能较为稳定;与PVA/SA 止血海绵粘合成的新型敷料止血性能和抑菌性能皆表现良好。

关键词：止血敷料;海藻酸盐;纳米纤维;静电纺丝

中图分类号：TQ342

文献标识码：A文章编号：1001-5922（2022）06-0089-05

Preparation and application of antibacterial hemostatic dressing for gynecological rescue

YU Tian， YANG Xiaoqi， FAN Yangyang

（Second Clinical Medical College，Shaanxi University of traditional Chinese medicine， Xianyang 712046， Shaanxi China

）

Abstract：In view of the poor hemostatic effect and poor antibacterial performance of hemostatic dressing for gynecological rescue， PVA/SA hemostatic sponge and CS/PVA nanofiber membrane were prepared by hotmelt pressure-sensitive adhesive， and the optimum content， process and antibacterial hemostatic effect of sodium alginate in PVA/SA hemostatic sponge during preparation were discussed. The results showed that the optimum content of sodium alginate in PVA/SA hemostatic sponge was 2.5%; The best spinning process of nanofiber membrane is voltage 21 kV， spinning solution flow rate 0.4 mL/h and receiving distance 13 cm. After crosslinking with glutaraldehyde， the performance of nanofiber membrane prepared by this process is relatively stable; the hemostatic and antibacterial properties of the new dressing bonded with PVA/SA hemostatic sponge were good.

Key words：hemostatic dressing; alginate; nanofibers; electrospinning

醫用抑菌止血敷料是妇科抢救过程中较为重要的一种医用辅助工具，能够帮助快速止血，还能有效避免创口受到细菌的感染，引发炎症。传统止血敷料主要是由棉、麻、棉花制成的纱布敷料，此类敷料在使用过程中存在止血效果不佳，抗菌性能差，患者在愈合的过程中，受细菌的影响，对创面造成二次伤害。因此，对医用止血纱布进行创新是目前医学发展中较为重要的一项研究。如对复合纳米纤维膜的制备工艺进行优化，得到性能较优的纳米纤维膜，结果表明：复合纳米纤维膜最佳工艺为：聚乙烯醇质量分数10%，海藻酸钠质量分数2%，质量比8∶2，纺丝电压19 kV，供液速度1.6 mL/h，接收距离19 cm，辊筒转速300 r/min[1];利用水溶性艾草粉末，通过静电纺丝方法制备艾草/聚丙烯腈复合纳米纤维[2]。基于此，本文以PVA/SA 止血海绵和CS/PVA 纳米纤维膜为主要原料，制备出一种妇科抢救用的抗菌止血医用敷料，为医用敷料的研究提供参考。……