Top scientific breakthroughs for 2023 2023 年的主要科学突破

孙朝岚

主题语境：科学成就篇幅：339詞建议用时：7分钟

1 The pace of innovation never slows， and the impact of these scientific breakthroughswill redefine the way we live， work， and connect with the world around us. From spaceexploration to nuclear fusion （核聚变）， these breakthroughs will inspire innovators to pushthe boundaries of what is possible.

A new era of space exploration

2 Need to be reminded of how incredibly vast ouruniverse is？ The first ever photos from the James WebbSpace Telescope are aweinspiring.While this is the mosttechnically advanced and powerful telescope ever created， the learning about our universewill lead to future missions and exploration for generations ahead. This new era of spaceexploration will drive technological advancements progress in realworldapplications likematerials， food science and agriculture.

A milestone in AI predictions

3 For decades， the scientific community has chased agreater understanding of relationships between proteinfunctions and 3D structures. In July 2022， Deep Mindrevealed that the folded 3D structure of a protein molecule can be predicted. While therewill always be challenges with AI， the ability to predict protein structures has implications across all life sciences.

Advancing limb（ 肢体） regeneration

4 For the longest time， scientists believed the singlebiggest key to limb regeneration is the presence of nerves.The advancement of limb regeneration was achieved byresearchers at Tufts University who have used acute （急性的） multidrug delivery， via awearable bioreactor， to successfully enable long?term limb regeneration in frogs. Thisearly success could potentially lead to larger， more complex tissue reengineeringadvancesfor humans.

Nuclear fusion generates more net energy

5 Nuclear fusion is the process that powers the sunand stars. For decades， the idea of replicating nuclearfusion on earth as a source of energy， in theory， couldfulfill all the planet's future energy needs. The goal is to force light atoms to hit so forcefullythat they fuse and release more energy than consumed. The breakthrough of nuclearfusion is a major milestone that will pave the way for future progress to be built upon thisachievement.

Reading

Check

1. What is the function of paragraph 1？

A. To describe four breakthroughs.

B. To lead in the main topic of the text.

C. To state the primary uses of breakthroughs.

D. To explain the significance of breakthroughs.

2. What do we know about space exploration？

A. It tells us the size of our universe.

B. It helps people with shortsighted problems.

C. It helps applications of daily life develop.

D. Its technologies haven't been in use in daily life.

3. Which breakthrough most appeals to you if you study life sciences？

A. AI predictions.

B. Nuclear fusion.

C. Limb regeneration.

D. Space exploration.

4. What does the underlined word “replicating” mean in the last paragraph？

A. Releasing. B. Absorbing.

C. Improving. D. Copying.

Language

Study

Ⅰ. Difficult sentence in the text

The advancement of limb regeneration was achieved by researchers at Tufts Universitywho have used acute multidrug delivery， via a wearable bioreactor， to successfullyenable longtermlimb regeneration in frogs. 塔夫茨大學的研究人员在肢体再生方面取得了进步，他们通过可穿戴生物反应器使用急性多药递送技术，成功地实现了青蛙的长期肢体再生。

【点石成金】本句是一个主从复合句。who 引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词researchers；to successfully...in frogs是动词不定式短语作结果状语。

Ⅱ. Fill in the blanks with the word and phrases in the box.

connect with technically lead to for decades potentially in theory

1. In those days， recording sound was not_______possible.

2. The average age of first marriage has risen steadily_______.

3. That sounds fine_______， but have you really thought it through？

4. Tears help to protect the eye from_______harmful foreign bodies.

5. People will accept suffering that can be shown to_______ a greater good.

6. If you stand on stage and share your view of the world， people will_______you.