聚焦文本，分析人物性格

广东 谯 丽

【问题导读】

近几年的高考英语读后续写试题都是故事类文本。故事类文本的特点就是记人和叙事融为一体，用人物描写故事，用故事衬托人物。这类文本对故事中主要人物的思想感情和性格特点进行描述或有所暗示，还揭示了故事蕴含的意义。厘清人物关系和抓住人物特征，可以帮助我们在续写中准确把握人物角色和关系，确定文本主题，铺设故事情节。

【名师导学】

读后续写中，我们可以通过分析人物的细节描写来“读懂”人物。我们可以关注人物的所看、所说、所做、所闻、所想和所感。人物的语言能够体现人物的出身、教养、经历和性格；人物的所做通常是其思想和性格的表现；而人物的所想、所感可以表现人物的喜、怒、哀、乐。抓住人物的语言、动作、情感描写，我们就可以读懂人物，厘清文本，从而进行合理的情节预设和故事续写。

【案例导引】

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

It was somewhere between spring and summer, and my mom and I were driving through the countryside.Back then, I was 13 years old, and always felt unhappy with Mom.But little did I know that this trip was going to be a special one.

A pot of flowers sat in the back seat, whose heavenly scent filled the car.

Suddenly, in the middle of nowhere, my mom pulled over.“What are you doing?” I cried, fearing that the car had broken down and we'd be stuck there, so far from home.But that wasn't the case.My mom hopped out of the car, grabbing the flowers from the back seat.“It'll just be a minute,” she called back through the open windows.

My eyes impatiently skimmed the edge of the road before settling on a little sign showing that it was a nursing home.I looked back to the building, somewhat annoyed, as my mom reappeared, empty-handed.

Before she started the car, curiosity drove me to ask, “Do you know someone there?”She shook her head.“Then what did you do with the flowers?” She smiled slightly, “I gave them to the receptionist.” “What?” She laughed at my confusion.“I told the receptionist to give the flowers to whoever needs them, especially those who haven't gotten any in a while.”

I kept silent for a moment.Not long after we continued our driving, I spoke again,“Did you leave your name?” To this she answered instantly, “No.Leaving flowers there for someone who will appreciate them makes me feel good, which is enough of a thank you for me.”

Suddenly, still thinking about Mom's deeds, I heard something burst loudly.It was our car that broke down! Nothing could be worse, because neither my mom nor I understood how to repair it, and we didn't know where the garage was.It also seemed impossible to wait for any passer-by, since we had seen so few along the way.

注意：续写词数应为150左右。

Paragraph 1:

We were worried about what could be done.___________________________________

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Paragraph 2:

As we drove along,a flower shop came into sight on the road._____________________

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一、原文的语篇要素

二、原文主题

本文中，13 岁的“我”对妈妈有诸多的不满和误解，但在一次旅途中，“我”看到妈妈匿名送花给养老院，也是这次旅程让“我”明白妈妈是多么善良和值得尊敬。故事的主题：亲子关系与友善。

三、原文的情节脉络发展

四、原文情节中“我”的情感变化

_________________________Things that happened Para.1: When I was 13 years old, I was always unhappy with my mom.________________Para.2～3: My mom pulled over and went out of the car with the flowers.Para.4: I waited for my mom in the car, seeing her walk out of a nursing home.Para.5～6: Mom told me that she gave the flowers to anyone in the nursing home who needs them and she didn't leave her name.Para 7: Our car broke down.__________________________________________________My emotions_unhappy____impatient annoyed confused curious worried____

五、分析人物性格

人物 分析维度 体现的人物性格 通过人物性格的分析，_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________推测后文情节语言描写：“What are you doing?” I cried, fearing that the car had broken down and we'd be stuck there, so far from home.I动作描写：My eyes impatiently skimmed the edge of the road before settling on a little sign showing that it was a nursing home.心理描写： I looked back to the building, somewhat annoyed, as my mom reappeared, empty-handed.妈妈半路停车，“我”很大声地喊叫，质问妈妈在做什么，这体现了“我”对妈妈的不友好，说明“我”_____________________________________________________________________________与妈妈的关系不融洽。妈妈下车后，“我”不耐烦地瞥向妈妈前往的地方，这依旧体现了正值青春期的“我”对妈妈的不____________________________________________________________________________________理解。看到妈妈再次出现在视野内，“我”感到很烦恼，这体现了“我”对妈妈的不__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________耐烦。根据文章第一段的最后一句“But little did I know that this trip was going to be a special one.”可知，这次旅程是特别的。那特别的地方是什么呢？那就是“我”的性格的变化——从以前的叛逆不懂事到变得理解、欣赏、敬佩“我”的妈妈。

（续表）

六、构思情节发展

根据故事的主题、情节、人物情感和性格的分析，原文呈现了故事的“起因—经过”部分：处于青春期的“我”对妈妈有诸多的不理解和不满。有一次在旅途中，看到妈妈匿名给养老院送花，“我”感到很惊讶，也很困惑。续写的两段分别是故事的“发展（行动）—冲突—解决”部分：“我们”的车坏了，谁会来帮“我们”修车呢？（行动）—再次启程，经过花店的时候，“我”会做什么呢？（行动）—为什么会这么做呢？（冲突解决）

续写第一段展开语言和动作描写细节时，可以尝试回答以下问题并考虑多种可能性：

（1）How did I feel when our car broke down?

（2）Was our car repaired?

（3）Who helped us repair the car?

根据以上问题，续写第一段的具体情节可以这样安排：车坏了后，“我”的心情；养老院的接待人员遇到“我们”，帮“我们”修车；“我们”之间的互动。

续写第二段展开细节描写时，可以尝试回答以下问题并考虑多种可能性：

（1）Seeing the flower shop, what did I do?

（2）Did I buy some flowers?

（3）Why did I buy flowers?

根据以上问题，续写第二段的具体情节可以这样安排：再次启程，“我们”经过一家花店；“我”让妈妈停车，“我”走进花店；“我”买了一束花送给妈妈，这缓和了“我”和妈妈之间的关系。

参考范文

Paragraph 1:

We were worried about what could be done.Under the hot burning sun, I felt that I was suddenly thrown into a world of hopelessness.I scratched my head and walked back and forth hopelessly.All of a sudden, one man with his hands waving at Mom came into our view.“He is the receptionist from the nursing home,” Mom explained to me.“Why are you here?” Mom asked excitedly.“I just intended to thank you for your flowers.” What amazed me most was that he was a retired garage man.How lucky we were! As a consequence, he had our car repaired in a short while.

Paragraph 2:

As we drove along,a flower shop came into sight on the road.I paced quickly into the flower shop, where a bunch of flowers glowing red in full bloom caught my eyes.Having witnessed the effect of my mother's kindness, I decided to send Mom the sweet flowers.Soon, the heavenly scent filled the car again.With tears streaming down her face, her flushed face was shining with excitement.Through this trip, I discovered that I actually felt proud of her.Looking back to that day, I was always grateful for the lesson the trip taught me for having such a great mother.

【模拟导练】

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

It was Tamika's turn to tell her class where she went this summer.She stood up proudly.

“This summer I went to Bradley,” Tamika announced.“There is a big market there.My mom bought a painting, and I got second-hand inline skates.We had a great time there.”

“That's not a trip,” Jeremy whispered loudly to his partner.“It's only half an hour from here.My dad and I often go to Bradley to buy tools for his repair shop.”

“Jeremy, no interrupting,” said Miss Snowden, their teacher.“And Bradley has a fine market.I'm glad that Tamika can tell us about it.Go ahead, Tamika.” Miss Snowden smiled warmly at her, encouraging her to continue.

But Tamika didn't feel proud of her family's trip to Bradley anymore and she just felt embarrassed.Tamika dropped her head and said in a low voice that she was finished, and then hurried back to her desk.She hoped that the other kids didn't notice her face turning red.

Tamika listened as Peter talked about his cruise to Jamaica.She heard about Mary's trip across the Atlantic to Ireland.She heard about John's horseback ride through the Grand Canyon.It seemed as if everyone but her had taken a big trip over the summer.“I never get to go anywhere,” Tamika thought to herself.A sense of sadness clouded her the whole day.

After school, things got worse.One of the wheels on Tamika's skates came loose.Now she couldn't even skate.Sitting on the sidewalk, Tamika tried to fix her wheel but did not know how.Then Miss Snowden happened to pass by.She walked up with a smile on her face, asking, “You look unhappy, Tamika.Why are you sitting here?” Tamika lowered her head, tears building up inside her eyes.“Want to talk about it?” Miss Snowden asked kindly.Tamika nodded, trying to avoid Miss Snowden's eyes.Bending down, Miss Snowden said in a whisper, “You know, Tamika, we don't always have to travel far to learn anything.” Tamika looked up and seemed to understand what Miss Snowden meant.

注意：续写词数应为150左右。

Paragraph 1:

At this moment,Jeremy was walking by and saw them.__________________________

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Paragraph 2:

“I can fix it,”Jeremy said with confidence.___________________________________

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【评价导思】

1.你能否正确地分析文章中人物的性格？你是从哪些方面进行分析的呢？

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2.续写这篇文章的时候，你能否根据人物的性格设计比较合理的续写情节？

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3.你在续写时是否使用了一些高级句式、词汇等润色文章？

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