基于引力模型的广东省农产品物流网络空间结构优化研究

张思敏 吴旗韬 陈和平 方凯 黄灏然

摘 要：高效、快捷、畅通的农产品物流网络体系是推动农业高质量发展和乡村振兴战略的重要路径。文章以广东省为研究区域，采用引力模型、主成分分析法和社区发现算法，测算出区域农产品物流综合质量及其物流联系网络，分析广东省农产品物流网络空间关联特征并提出优化方案。结果表明：广东省农产品物流质量形成以广州、深圳为高水平集聚区域，周边城市扁平化发展的形态；广东省农产品物流网络在空间分布上具有显著的空间异质性，网络整体呈现出以粤西、珠三角城市群、潮汕揭城市群为核心“W型”多中心-外围的空间特征；网络识别出珠三角东部社区、珠三角西部社区、粤北社区、粤东北社区、粤西社区5个“农产品物流社区”，提出以梅州、广州、清远、佛山、湛江为枢纽的农产品物流网络优化方案。

关键词：引力模型；农产品物流网络；主成分分析法；社区发现；物流枢纽

中图分类号：F326.6文献标志码：ADOI：10.13714/j.cnki.1002-3100.2024.10.002

Abstract： An efficient， fast and smooth agricultural product logistics network system is an important path to promote the high-quality development of agriculture and rural revitalization strategy. This paper takes Guangdong Province as the research area， adopts the gravity model， principal component analysis and community discovery algorithm to measure the comprehensive quality of regional agricultural product logistics as well as its logistics linkage network， analyzes the characteristics of the spatial correlation of agricultural product logistics network in Guangdong Province and puts forward optimization plans. The results show that the quality of agricultural product logistics in Guangdong Province forms the pattern with Guangzhou and Shenzhen as the high-level agglomeration area， and the flat development of the surrounding cities， that Guangdong Province's agricultural product logistics network has significant spatial heterogeneity in spatial distribution， and the network as a whole shows the spatial characteristics of "W-type" multi-center-periphery with the west of Guangdong Province， the Pearl River Delta （PRD） urban agglomeration， and the Shantou Metropolitan Area as the core communities in eastern PRD， western PRD， northern Guangdong， northeastern Guangdong， and western Guangdong， and proposes an optimization plan for the agricultural logistics network with Meizhou， Guangzhou， Qingyuan， Foshan， and Zhanjiang as the hubs.

Key words： gravity model; agricultural product logistics network; principal component analysis; community discovery; logistics hubs

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农产品物流是构建现代农业的重要因素，加快形成农商联系更为紧密、产销衔接更为畅通的农产品物流体系，着力完善农产品流通骨干网络有助于提高农产品附加值，促进农产品的产业化和市场化，推动农业高质量发展和乡村振兴战略实施。广东省农产品供需空间分布不均衡、运输距离成本高、农产品物流发展水平差异较大等因素造成农产品流通网络待优化、流通效率待提升，迫切需要建立打破传统的地理空间、缩短生产与消费空间的农产品物流体系[1]，更好适应新时代下农业高质量发展和乡村振兴发展的需要。……