

中图分类号S513;S147 文献标识码A 文章编号 1007-7731(2025)15-0094-05
DOI号10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2025.15.023
Effects nitrogen,phosphorus potassium fertilizer reduction biochar rationing on soil properties maize yield
LI Jinzhe ZHANG Jianhua QIGangqiang LU Shuo JIAO Zhiqi SONG MingWANG Tianen PAN YuzhenWANG Zhihui ( Lscape University, Daqing 163319, China)
AbstractFive treatments were setup in aromized block design for salinized maize fields in the Songnen Plain, Xianyu335maizewasusedasthe testvarietyconventional fertilization withnitrogen,phosphoruspotasum(CK), NPK reduction by 20% + biochar (CF1), N reduction by 20%+ conventional phosphorus potassium + biochar (CF2), phosphorus reduction by 20%+ conventional NPK + biochar(CF3), potassium reduction by 2O% + conventional NPK + (204号 biochar(CF4)weresettoinvestigate the effects nitrogen,phosphorus potassum fertilizerreduction biochar applicationonsoil physicochemical properties maize yield.The results showedthat the CF4 treatment had abeter improvement effectonsoil properties, itssoilorganiccarbon (SOC),total nitrogen (TN)efectivephosphorus (AP)were increased by 13.40% , 5.93% 58.86% compared with that CK,the activities sucrase (SUC) alkalinephosphatase (ALP)were significantlyincreased.Atthe same time,the dosing treatment obviouslypromoted the accumulation N,P K inmaizeplants,the accumulationamounts nitrogen,phosphorus potassium increased by 3.32%-23.04% , 31.93%-38.65% 5.51%-13.62% respectively compared with CK,indicating that the application biochar can effectively promote thenutrient uptakeby the plants.In conclusion,the combination nitrogen,phosphorus potassium fertilizerreduction biocharcanregulate soil nutrients,improveplantnutrient uptake, increase corn yield,in which the treatment 20% potassium reduction+conventional nitrogen phosphorus + biochar has more potential for fertilizer saving yield increase.
Keywords biochar; fertilizer reduction; soil nutrients; soil enzyme activity;maize yield
土壤能提供植物生长必需的养分和水分。盐碱化土壤的肥力和水分保持能力明显减弱,对作物生长和农业生产构成挑战。黑龙江地区拥有丰富的土壤资源与适宜的农业环境,适宜玉米种植。实际生产中,部分地区存在化肥的过量施用情况,可能造成土壤中养分比例失衡,出现土壤盐渍化、土壤板结等问题,在一定程度上阻碍了农业的可持续发展,因此需要采用新材料、新技术优化肥料应用模式。生物炭基肥是以生物炭与化肥为主要成分的一种新型肥料,其不仅可以改善土壤理化性质,还可以提高作物产量,但不同作物对养分的需求存在差异。孟凡彬等2、孙建飞等3研究表明,通过生物炭与化肥配施,结合作物需肥特点调控配比,可有效减少化肥的施入,提高作物产量。
胡慧影等研究证实,生物炭施入土壤后,可通过改善王壤结构、降低容重、调节水、热、气平衡、增加微生物数量、提升酶活性等途径改良土壤质量。王典等5研究表明,生物炭与肥料配施技术在优化土壤理化性状的基础上,进一步提升了土壤养分含量及利用效率,促进了植物的养分积累、生长发育及产量的提升。
近年来,生物炭与肥料配合施用相关研究较多,但针对盐碱化玉米田的生物炭与肥料减量配施研究仍有深化空间,尤其在改善土壤性质及玉米生长方面的研究。本研究以松嫩平原盐碱化玉米田为研究对象,重点探讨减施氮、磷、钾肥与生物炭配施对土壤养分积累、土壤酶活性变化、玉米植株养分吸收及产量表现的影响。……