猪年话说汉英词典中的“猪”(下)

2019-09-10 07:22肖福寿
英语世界 2019年3期
关键词:猪仔猪头猪八戒

肖福寿

三、与“猪”有关的三字表达法

这方面的表达法,绝大多数为名词,不少是专有名词,只有少量形容词。具体请见以下例子:

1. 猪八戒  [Lit] Zhubajie, Pigsy [character in the novel Pilgrimage to the West, represented by a pig and symbolizing the baseness in man]

2. 猪背脊  hogback

3. 猪癫疯  epilepsy

4. 猪肺疫  swine plague

5. 猪肝色  liver colored; yellowish brown; purplish red

6. 猪拱嘴  meat of a pig’s mouth area

7. 猪狗臭  <colloq> body odor (as from armpits)

8. 猪拐子  bent, crooked (like a pig’s leg)

9. 猪爵脊  pork tenderloin

10. 猪流感  swine influenza

11. 猪毛绒  fine pig hair

12. 猪脑子  1.pig brains [as a food item] 2.<abus> <colloq> thickheaded

13. 猪排骨  pork chop; pork cutlet

14. 猪婆龙  <colloq> Chinese alligator

15. 猪潜艇  submarine chaser

16. 猪舌头  pig’s tongue [as food item]

17. 猪头风  [Med] epilepsy

18. 猪头肉  pig’s chaps

19. 猪头三  <colloq> (Shanghai) 1.<abus> person lacking common sense; person not knowing right from wrong 2.person new to Shanghai

20. 豬尾巴  1.pig’s tail 2.pigtail (of hair)

21. 猪下水  pig’s offal; pig’s entrails

22. 猪牙子  piglet

23. 猪杂碎  chopsuey; cooked chopped entrails of pigs; cooked chopped entrails

24. 猪崽儿  piglet; pigling; sucking pig; suckling pig

25. 猪肘子  leg of pork

26. 猪觜关  (of a person) to insult others at will

27. 猪嘴瘟  [Med] mumps; parotitis

四、与“猪”有关的四字或以上的表达法

这方面的表达法,绝大部分为习语,只有少量的一般性表达法,其中含有一些贬义性的词语。具体请见以下例子:

1. 肥猪拱门  <idiom> (a fat pig butts into one’s house) to have good fortune knock at one’s door; to grant a windfall; to bestow good fortune upon sb: 愿你~! May you bless the people with good fortune!

2. 封豕长蛇  <idiom> (large pigs and long snakes) greedy and brutish despots or invaders; evildoers

3. 火到猪头烂,钱到公事办  <familiar> (just as cooking makes a pig’s head tender, money gets a public matter done) bribery is the ultimate arbitrator of official decisions; money talks

4. 狗彘不如  also 狗彘不若  <idiom> no better than a cur or swine [descriptive of a contemptible person]

5. 狗猪不食其余  <idiom> (a person so despised and contemptible that even a pig or a dog won’t eat the food left by him or her) base; mean; despicable; contemptible; disgusting

6. 瘠牛偾豚  <idiom> (an emaciated ox can crush a piglet) a powerful country in decline can destroy a weak one

7. 见豕负涂  <idiom> (seeing a mired pig) extremely filthy or dirty

8. 狼奔豕突  <idiom> (the wolves rush and the pigs dash) to dash pell-mell; to flee helter-skelter

9. 冷水燙猪 <idiom> (to burn a pig with cold water) to try in vain; to come to no avail

10. 辽东之猪  <idiom> (Liaodong pig) sth mistaken for being extraordinary when it is really not ordinary; one who is proud or conceited out of ignorance

11. 鲁鱼亥豕  also 鲁鱼帝虎,鲁鱼陶阴<idiom> (confusing the similar shapes of the characters 鲁 and 鱼, 亥 and 豕) error in writing; clerical or typographical error

12. 没吃过猪肉,还没见过猪跑  <familiar> (even if you have never eaten pork before, still have you not seen a pig run?) even if one has had no direct experience in a matter, common everyday knowledge and experience should give one some idea about how things are done

13. 牧豕听经  <idiom> (to graze pigs while listening to a talk) to study assiduously

14. 泥猪疥狗  <idiom> (muddy pig and scabby dog) person of low position; loutish person

15. 人怕出名,猪怕壮  <familiar> fame portends trouble for humans just as fattening does for pigs

16. 三豕涉河  also 三豕渡河,三豕金根<idiom> to misuse or misunder-stand a character [such as mistaking 豕for 亥]

17. 食而弗爱,豕交之也;爱而不敬,兽畜之也 to feed a scholar and not love him, is to treat him as a pig; to love him and not respect him, is to keep him as a domestic animal

18. 豕亥鱼鲁  <idiom> (confusing the similar shapes of the characters 豕, 亥, 鱼 and 鲁) spelling or wording mistakes made in transcription or printing

19. 豕交兽畜  <idiom> (to treat like beasts) to treat people impolitely; to treat people without proper love and respect

20. 豕突狼奔  <idiom> (the pigs dash and the wolves rush; to run like wolves and rush like boars) 1.to dash pell-mell; to flee helter-skelter; to dash around madly 2.to infest and harass about (of bandits)

21. 豚蹄禳田  <idiom> (to offer a pig’s foot in sacrifice and pray for abundant harvest) to ask a lot for a little

22. 信及豚鱼  <idiom> (to show one’s sincerity even for pigs and fish) true sincerity moves even dumb animals

23. 行若狗彘  <idiom> (to act like dogs and pigs) to behave shamelessly

24. 猪八戒倒打一耙  <idiom> (Zhubajie makes an unfounded attack with his rake) to make an unfounded counter-charge; to blame one’s victim

25. 猪卑狗险  <idiom> (a mean pig and a treacherous dog) mean and treacherous people

26. 猪不吃狗不闻  <idiom> food so unappetizing that even pigs and dogs won’t eat it

27. 豬多肉贱  <idiom> (the more pigs there are, the cheaper the pork) the more common things are, the less they are valued

28. 猪狗不如  <idiom> (worse than pigs and dogs) base; mean; despicable

29. 猪睏长肉,人困卖屋  <familiar> (just as a lazy pig gains weight, so a lazy person sells his house) laziness can ruin a family

30. 猪牛公馆  <derog> pig and cow mansions [farmers’ term for state farms]

31. 猪朋狗友  <idiom> (friends of pigs and dogs) gang of good-for-nothings

32. 猪头三牲  <old> 1.sacrifice of ox, sheep and pig 2.(generally refer to) sacrifice

33. 猪仔议员  <abus> swine assemblyman [members of the legislature in early Republic of China who were corrupted by bribes]

34. 一龙一猪<idiom> (a dragon and a pig) one person superior and another inferior (even with same background, etc)

35. 指猪骂狗  <idiom> (to point at the pig and curse the dog) to make a dig at sb; to criticize obliquely

的确,汉语中与“猪”有关的表达法实在太丰富了,诸如“猪丹毒”“猪都”“猪兜炮”“猪哥”“猪精”“猪龙”“猪仔国会”等词语的英文翻译,更待我们共同探索。                                                                                              □

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