电子信息产业撑起重庆工业一片新蓝天

2012-02-09 10:08唐松
重庆与世界 2012年9期
关键词:信息产业惠普重庆市

□ 文/唐松

“电子信息产业是国民经济的战略性、基础性、先导性产业,也是重庆市迅速崛起的新兴支柱产业,对于拉动经济增长、调整产业结构、转变发展方式具有十分重要的作用。”重庆市经信委负责人日前表示,刚刚出台的《重庆市电子信息产业三年振兴规划》进一步明确了2013-2015年重庆市电子信息产业主要发展思路、发展目标和发展战略,到2015年,重庆市的电子信息产业总产值将占全国总量的10%,占整个重庆工业产值的三分之一。

直辖十五年来,重庆市信息产业保持了30%左右的年均增长速度,目前已基本形成以笔电、集成电路、软件及信息服务外包、通讯设备、信息家电、仪器仪表等为重点的产业格局,到2015年它将成为全市经济第一大支柱产业。

“重庆信息港”构造重庆电子信息产业的雏形

直辖之初,重庆电子工业大大落后于全国先进地区,仅有的金雀、红岩电视、五洲阿里斯顿电冰箱也只灵光一现,大量的电子生产企业亏损严重甚至倒闭,即便有少量民企开始涉足电子信息产业,也多集中在低端配套领域,零零星星,不成规模。而此时电子信息产业已开始成为世界经济发展的新潮流。

直辖的重庆选择了汇入这个发展变革的大潮,市政府已经开始重视发展电子信息产业,并提出了建设“重庆信息港”的计划。1998年2月11日,市政府成立信息产业领导小组。这是一个由当时市委市政府主要领导为组长,集合了院士、教授、高级工程师的专业团队。他们在调查了全国100多个地区、部门和单位的信息化建设情况后,提出了建设“重庆信息港”的计划,即“21129”工程。包括建设二大网:基础通信网和信息交互网;一窗口:“重庆之窗”;十二个应用信息系统,包括政务管理、国民经济、金融信息、商业贸易、税务管理、医疗保健、公众服务等等一系列全部实现电子信息化。重庆信息港建设先期投资就有160个亿,用于两类大网和网络基础平台的建设分到了144个亿。1999年,全市从事电子信息产业的企业突破1000户,达到1019户,其中制造业583户,邮电通信业72户,软件业50余户,计算机应用服务业300余户,重庆电子信息产业的从业人员也达到了5万余人。

西永工业园的建立助推产业形成快速发展

西永微电子产业园的建立和发展是重庆电子信息产业快速发展的标志和里程碑。该产业园区于2005年8月成立,它是重庆市为优化和提升全市产业结构、发展高新技术产业而规划建设的IT产业园区,是“十一五”期间发展电子信息产业的主要基地,也是中西部地区首家通过国家发改委审核的微电子产业专业园区。

经过多年艰苦创业,西永园区现已初步具备了一个现代化产业园区的雏形,已进入大开发、大突破的前夜。惠普、富士康、广达、英业达、微软、IBM、NTT DATA、AP、辛克、凸版、兵装集团摩托车事业总部、渝德科技、北大方正、中科院软件所、科博达、挪威RPR、NIIT等国内外知名企业落户园区,基本形成了以惠普重庆电脑生产基地和富士康、广达、英业达等为代表的PC制造产业,以茂德8英寸芯片线、中电科技2条6英寸芯片线为代表的集成电路产业,以惠普GDCC、NTT、中科院软件所等为代表的软件与服务外包产业,以富士康(重庆)产业基地、北大方正、科博达等为代表的电子元器件配套产业的四大产业格局,日益成为重庆自主开发、产业发展、引智引资和对外展示的热点和重庆市扩大就业、拉动内需、打造内陆开放高地的重要支撑,园区被授予“国家电子信息产业基地”、“国家服务外包基地城市示范区”、“国家知识产权示范园区”、“国家加工贸易梯度转移重点承接地”、“中国服务外包基地城市”、“国家高技术产业(信息产业)基地”等称号。

在2000年至2007年间,重庆电子信息产业就迎来了一轮快速发展期,产业集聚雏形显现,产业链不断延伸,集成电路蓄势待发,数字仪器仪表优势突出,通信设备制造日趋壮大,汽车电子快速发展,电子材料也异军突起。2007年,重庆电子信息产业由先导产业转变为支柱产业。

市经信委数据显示,2007年全市电子信息产业实现主营业务收入达到473.9亿元,信息产业增加值占全市GDP的比重达6%,重庆信息产业从全市国民经济的先导产业一跃成为支柱产业。此间,软件产业迅速崛起,2000年重庆软件产业销售收入仅有3亿元,2007年全市软件及信息服务业实现收入155亿元。2005年是重庆的软件产业发展的另一个突破年。2004年,服务外包产业正在全国兴起,当时欧美的软件制作成本越来越高,不少软件开发订单向印度、中国等新兴国家转移。这年,重庆正式发展服务外包产业,两年后成为全国第二批服务外包示范城市。

数据中心

云端计划成为电子信息发展的强大推进器

2009年富士康与惠普一道,落户重庆。2010年宏碁与重庆签约,将其全球生产基地和中国第二营运总部布局重庆。这是宏碁在全球战略布局的唯一一个复合型基地。同时,惠普400万台内销笔记本电脑也放到了重庆生产。

据重庆市经信委介绍,惠普、宏碁、华硕、东芝、富士通等五大品牌,广达、富士康、英业达、仁宝、纬创、和硕六大代工企业分别布局西永综合保税区和两路寸滩保税港区,500余家零部件企业聚集璧山、铜梁、永川、江津等区县,引进了惠普、华硕、佳杰、贝宝结算中心和惠普、宏碁研发中心等,重庆造笔记本电脑产量占全球10%。

但是,惠普400万台内销电脑,远不足以成就重庆笔电基地的梦想。于是,重庆创造性地提出“垂直整合”模式,彻底打消了惠普对物流成本的顾虑,惠普将重庆生产基地的订单从内销400万台,一下子扩大到外销的4000万台。

2011年,和硕、纬创、仁宝纷纷签约落户重庆。

品牌商和代工商扎堆入渝,吸引了全球范围内的笔电配套企业。4年间,重庆笔电产业已经形成了“5+6+500”的“品牌商+代工商+零部件配套企业”的产业集群。

2011年9月25日,市长黄奇帆在第六届市长国际经济顾问团会议上提出了城市信息化与信息产业—全球化背景下云端智能城市发展、重庆市“云端计划“建设现代智能城市及发展的重要模块和配套项目,促进“重庆未来三年做成云集上百万台服务器、上千亿元规模的云计算基地,成为全球数据处理中心”。

当前的计算资源也应该能使三维走时层析成像中的有限频率敏感度内核应用到广角反射/折射数据。Gautier等(2008)已证实了将有限频率层析成像应用到当地地震数据,通过提供三维复杂速度结构的高分辨率图像,包括层边界锐化,提高了地壳层析图形的质量。虽然全波形三维层析成像利用谱元法和宽带地震记录(Tape et al,2009,2010)已用于建立区域三维模型,但至今尚未证实它是否适用一般仅用垂直分量检波器记录的广角反射/折射数据。

园区电子产品生产线

重庆电子信息产业明天更美好

人类对电子产品的需求不断更新,全球主要国家都将电子信息产业视为经济振兴计划的重要组成部分。据有关资料显示,预计未来电子信息产业市场规模将处于稳步增长阶段,2015年将比2011年上升17%。但目前由于西方国家一系列重振制造业的政策刺激和区域生产成本差距缩小等因素,出现了高端电子制造业回流发达国家、中低端转移到劳动力成本更低的一些周边国家的趋势,这对重庆电子信息产业会有一定影响。

不过,电子信息产业在当前各行业融合创新、工业转型升级的趋势下具备了新的发展机遇和产业增长点。一方面,电子信息产业内各行业多有交集,制造业、软件业、运营业与内容服务业加速融合,新技术、新产品、新模式不断涌现,为产业发展提供了新的机遇。另一方面,电子信息技术在工业各领域与生产各环节的持续深化应用,将形成一批辐射范围广、带动作用强的产业新增长点,为产业持续、稳定、健康发展提供坚实保障。

新一代信息技术产业也是我国战略性新兴产业之一,正在步入加速成长期,带动产业格局深刻变革。以下一代宽带移动通信、物联网、高性能芯片等为代表的新一代信息技术快速发展,已成为各国竞争的战略制高点。我国规划到2015年电子信息产业销售收入超过10万亿元,并将在“十二五”期间加速发展新一代信息技术产业,推动部分信息制造业向内陆地区进行转移,进一步强化信息技术在各个领域的渗透和应用。

前不久出台的《重庆市电子信息产业三年振兴规划》指出,重庆市电子信息产业发展基础日趋成熟,随着产业环境的改善,产业平台的搭建,人才体系的健全,物流通道的完善,世界500强、中国500强的落户,重庆市迎来了电子信息产业跨越式发展的大好时机。特别是,中央批准重庆市建立的内陆地区最大的综合保税区和保税港区,以及近些年来“无中生有”形成的电脑产业垂直整合模式,吸引了一批世界级的跨国电子巨头落户我市,并带动一大批战略伙伴随之跟进,为重庆市快速建成电子信息产业集群创造了基础和条件。

为此,重庆市将围绕国家电子信息产业“十二五”发展规划和工业转型升级规划的要求,以产业集群为主攻方向,以龙头产品为牵引,以西永微电园、两江新区为核心平台,以龙头企业为依托,着力发展关联性强的产业链,着力促进电子制造业与信息服务业的融合发展,着力建设产业发展的共性支撑平台,着力推动信息技术在各个领域的推广和应用,不断提高信息产业的附加值、创新能力和市场占有率,努力建成内陆地区最大的信息产业高地。预计到2015年,我市将建设成为国家重要的电子信息产业基地,形成“3+6+3”产业体系,即:六千亿计算机、两千亿软件及信息服务、千亿通信设备及物联网3个千亿级产业集群;智能家电、集成电路与元器件、光伏与LED、智能仪器仪表、数字医疗与汽车电子等应用电子、电子装备等6个百亿级产业集群;两江新区、西永微电园、经开区等3个千亿级产业基地;并打造“2+10+2”千百亿企业,即:两家千亿级企业,10家以上百亿级企业,其中包含两家总部设在重庆的百亿品牌企业。至此,重庆就将成为全球笔记本电脑生产基地、国际离岸云计算数据基地以及全国重要的物联网、智能仪器仪表、集成电路、数字医疗产业基地,电子信息产业真正成为重庆的第一支柱产业。

Electronic Information Industry:Supporting the Industry of Chongqing

"Electronic information industry is strategic, fundamental, leading industries of the national economy,as well as the rapid rise of the pillar industry of Chongqing municipality, it plays a very important role in spurring economic growth, adjusting the industrial structure and changing the development model ”.

The information industry in Chongqing has been maintained a 30% per cent of the average annual growth rate for 15 years,it has been basically formed an industry structure of integrated circuits, software and information service outsourcing,teleco mmunications equipment, information appliances, instruments as key industries, it will become the fi rst pillar industry of the economy of the whole city by 2015.

"Chongqing InforPort" Forming the Embryonic Electronic Information Industry in Chongqing

The electronics industry of Chongqing was way behind of other advanced regions of China Before it's directly under the Central Government.And by that time,the electronic information industry has been the new trend of the development of the world economy.

The Establishment of Xiyong Industrial Park Boost the Fast Development of Industry Formed

The establishment and development of Xiyong microelectronics industrial park is a sign and milestone of the rapid development of electronic information industry in Chongqing.It is established in August 2005, it is an IT industry Park that for Chongqing to optimize and upgrade the industrial structure and development of Chongqing City,it is also the main base of the development of electronic information industry during the"Eleven-Five",it is also the first micro electronics industry Park that'sexamined and verifi ed by the national development and Reform Committee in the Midwest of China.

After many years of hard working,Xiyong has became a preliminary prototype of a modern industrial park,HP, Foxconn, Quanta, Inventec,Microsoft, IBM, NTT DATA, AP,Stewart Cink, Toppan, headquarters of soldier equipment group and the motorcycle business, founder, Norway RPR, NIIT and other domestic and foreign well-known enterprises settled in the Park.it Basically formed computer production base ,PC manufacturing industry, IC industry,software and service outsourcing industry,electronic components supporting industry of four -industry pattern.

In fact, from 2000 to 2007,Chongqing electronic information industry ushered in a round of rapid development period, the industrial chain continuously expanding, IC poised, digital instruments with obvious advantage, communications equipment manufacturing is increasingly growing, fast development of automotive electronics, electronic materials are also rising.In 2007,Chongqing electronic information industry changed from the leading industry into a pillar industry.

In 2007 the revenues of Chongqing's software and information services was 15.5 billion yuan.In 2005 which was another breakthrough in the development of software industry in Chongqing.In 2004, the services outsourcing industry was in a rise,software costs in Western counties increasingly higher at that time,many software development orders was transferred to India, China and other emerging countries.that year Chongqing offi cially developed service outsourcing industry , two years later,it become the second group of services outsourcing model city in China.

Cloud Plan Being the Powerful Trusters for Electronic Information Development

HP and Foxconn settled in Chongqing in 2009.In 2010 Acer signed a contract with Chongqing,buildingits global production base and the second operational headquarters in Chongqing.This is the only compound base of Acer's global strategic layout.meanwhile,4 million domestic laptops of HP were produced in Chongqing.However, HP's 4 million domestic computers were not enough to fulfill its dream of being the laptop power base in Chongqing.Thus, Chongqing's creative presentation "vertically integrated" mode completely deterred Hewlett-Packard logistics cost concerns, HP Chongqing production base of orders from domestic sales of 4 million units extend to the export of 40 million units.lots of companies settled in Chongqing is attracting a global range of laptop set enterprises supporting the business.within 4 years Chongqing laptop industry has formed a "5+6+500" of the "brand +Commerce + spare parts Assembly industrial enterprise" industrial clusters.

On September 25, 2011, Mayor Huang Qifan put forward the urban informatization and information industry to promote "Chongqing being the cloud base with millions of servers and hundreds of billions of dollars and became the global data-processing center within next three years ".

A Better Tomorrow of Chongqing Electronic Information Industry

The next generation of information technology industry is one of the strategic emerging industries in China,it is entering a period of accelerated growth, driving industry pattern of profound change.China is planning to make the sales revenues of more than 10 trillion yuan at electronic information industry area by 2015 and to accelerate development of the next generation of information technology industry during the"Twelve-Five" , promote the transfer part of the information industry to inland areas, further strengthening the infiltration and application of information technology in various fields.accelerate adjusting the space layout of information industry.

The electronic information industry of Chongqing three-year revitalization plan stated that electronic information industry development in Chongqing based on mature,with improvement in the industrial environment, industrial platform structures, the talent system of sound,perfect logistics channel, companies of world top 500, top 500 in China settled in,Chongqing ushered in a great time of rapid development of electronic information industry .

Chongqing will focus on associate development and strengthen industry chain, focus on promoting the development of electronic manufacturing and integration of information service industry, focusing on General supporting platform for the development of the construction industry, focus on promoting the popularization and application of information technology in various fields, and continuously improve the added value of the information industry, innovation and market share,efforts to build largest interior highland of information industry.

It is predicted that Chongqing will be built into national critical electronic information industry base by 2015, forming a "3+6+3" industrial system, namely: 600 billion computers,200 billion software and information services, billions of communication equipment and network 3 industrial clusters with hundred billion worth.Intelligent household electrical appliances, integrated circuits and components, photovoltaic and LED,intelligent instrumentation, medical and automotive electronics applications such as electronics, electronic equipment of 6 industrial clusters with ten billion worth;Liangjiang New Area,Xiyong micro-park,Jingkai District of 3 industrial bases with ten billion worth.And to build a "2+10+2" billions of enterprises, namely: two hundred billion worthy enterprises, more than 10 enterprises with ten billion worthy,which contains two ten billion worthy brand enterprises which headquartered in Chongqing .

At this point, Chongqing will become the global notebook production base and international off-shore cloud computing data base and national important industry base of intelligent instruments, integrated circuits, and digital medical industry, electronic information industry really became the fi rst pillar industry in Chongqing.

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