提高平行式停车效率的泊位施划方法研究

苏 晴， 关宏志， 从骁宇

(1.北京工业大学 城市交通学院， 北京 100124； 2.北京工业大学 建筑工程学院， 北京 100124；3.北京工业大学 环境与能源工程学院， 北京 100124)

提高平行式停车效率的泊位施划方法研究

苏 晴1， 关宏志2， 从骁宇3

(1.北京工业大学 城市交通学院， 北京 100124； 2.北京工业大学 建筑工程学院， 北京 100124；3.北京工业大学 环境与能源工程学院， 北京 100124)

为了提高平行式泊车效率、节能减排、规范停车秩序，本研究在现有路侧平行式停车泊位施划方法的基础上，建立了机动车“一把轮”平行式泊车轨迹的数学模型，并利用该数学模型及MATLAB软件对多种车型进行了平行式泊车过程的仿真，从而得到了停车区域、共用区域、引导线的位置和尺寸等参数，提出了新型平行式停车泊位施划的方法；设置了共用区域，缩短单个停车区域长度；并将理论计算的结果与实际相结合，进行了实车试验；本研究提出的路侧平行式停车泊位施划方法的优化方案，不仅可以节省停车场占地面积，还能降低驾驶员泊车难度，降低了能源消耗、减少了污染排放，并在一定程度上节省了泊车所需时间，使路侧平行式泊车更加方便高效.

交通工程； 路侧平行式泊车； 停车位施划； 轨迹仿真； 引导线

Abstract: This paper intends to standardize the design of parallel parking to improve the efficiency of parallel parking, conserve energy, and reduce vehicle emission. This research, based on the existing roadside parallel parking delimitation method, establishes a mathematical model of “a step” parallel parking trajectory of motor vehicles, and simulates parallel parking processes for different models of passenger cars using the mathematical model and MATLAB,. Then the parameters are obtained, such as the positions and sizes of the parking areas, the shareable areas, the guide lines and so on. The research has designed a delimitation method of the new parallel parking garages, set the shareable areas, reduced the size of every single parking area, and carried out the real vehicle tests by combining the results of the theoretical calculation. The roadside parallel parking facilities planning optimization scheme method that has been proposed not only can save the parking area, but also decrease the parking difficulty for drivers, reduce energy consumption and pollution emissions. And to a certain extent, it can save the parking time as well. Based on the results, the proposed layout of roadside parallel parking is more convenient and efficient.

Keywords: traffic engineering; roadside parallel parking; parking spaces delimitation; trajectory simulation; guide lines

近年来，随着我国经济的快速发展，机动车保有量也迅速增长. 截至2012年底，全国机动车保有量已达2.4亿辆[1]，城市“停车难”的问题日趋严重. 统计结果表明，2012年北京市机动车保有量已经超过520万辆[2]，而全市的备案停车位162万余……