谭文英 许勇
摘要 采用批式进料方式,研究了不同进料负荷和不同接种量时餐厨垃圾水解酸化的效果,探索了酸化阶段发酵液中的pH、VFA含量和产物中主要成分的变化规律。结果发现,不同有机负荷进料时水解酸化过程在前4 d基本完成,反应后期有机负荷不同,发酵类型也有所不同。40 g(TS)/L负荷进料时水解酸化效果比较好,水解酸化产物中主要成分为乙醇和乙酸,乙醇和VFA含量高。餐厨垃圾在接种率为30%时,反应能够获得目标酸化产物乙醇和乙酸,比不接种和接种率为50%时效果明显要好。
关键词 餐厨垃圾;两相;水解酸化;性能
中图分类号 S181.3 文献标识码
A 文章编号 0517-6611(2014)33-11832-04
Research on Hydrolysis and Acidification Performance of Food Waste
TAN Wen-ying, XU Yong
(School of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040)
Abstract By means of batch type feeding, the effects of hydrolysis and acidification of food waste in different load and different inoculation amount were studied. The changing rule of pH value, volatile fatty acids (VFA) content and the main component of the products in the cidification phase was explored. Hydrolysis acidification process basically completed in the first 4 days though different organic load. In the late of response, the different organic load the fermentation type is also different. When the load of feed is 40 g(TS)/L, the hydrolytic acidification effect is better, main products are ethanol and acetic acid, and ethanol and VFA concentration is high. The reaction can get target acidification products—ethanol and acetic acid when the vaccination rate was 30%. And the effect is better than no vaccinated and the vaccination rate is 50%.
Key words Food waste; Two-phone; Hydrolysis and acidification; Performance
作者简介 谭文英(1960- ),女,黑龙江哈尔滨人,副教授,从事生物质能源转化和利用方向的研究。
收稿日期 2014-09-22
随着我国城市化进程加快和居民生活水平的提高,餐厨垃圾的产量逐年增加[1]。餐厨垃圾已是国内城市有机垃圾的主要组成部分[2],已经成为环境污染的重要方面[3-4]。餐厨垃圾处理应以资源化为导向[5]。厌氧发酵技术既可以解决餐厨垃圾处理问题又可产生可再生能源——沼气,已成为未来的发展方向[6]。
两相厌氧发酵的水解酸化阶段是微生物将复杂的有机物质如淀粉、蛋白质、脂肪等经过一系列的反应过程分解成简单的水溶性脂肪酸和醇类,然后再在酸化菌的作用下,将其转化为乙酸的过程,同时微生物会利用分解的这些物质供自身繁殖并释放能量[7]。随着研究者们对有机物质厌氧发酵技术研究的不断深入,发现由于餐厨垃圾中含有高浓度有机颗粒物,水解酸化阶段是整个厌氧发酵过程中的限速步骤[8]。……