英语翻译技巧

2015-05-30 04:20李文萍
校园英语·上旬 2015年9期
关键词:翻译技巧英语

李文萍

【摘要】英语所涉及的范围广,有独特的语言现象和表现内容。英语翻译要求选词恰当、精确。译者要具备丰富的翻译理论和实践知识,要了解各个邻域的语言特点和表达法。

【关键词】英语 翻译 技巧

国际交流越来越频繁,中国发展飞速,英语使来自不同国度的人们能够交谈和交易。翻译是不同民族之间进行沟通和交流的工具。各民族之间由于文化背景的不同,生活习惯的差异,在语言表达上必然存在千差万别。对于不同语域的民族文化传统、文化内容和文化心理,译者要从宏观上了解文化的蕴含,且能掌握一些技巧,借助别人的经验,并加以对比分析,将有助于翻译。

一、直译与意译

1.Two Dragons Playing A Ball.二龙戏珠。

2.dragon 在英美文化中是没有地位的爬行动物,是凶恶可怕的象征。在中国是吉祥、高贵之义。如译“望子成龙”中的龙时,译成:to expect ones son to become a dragon,则会让西方人不得其解,甚至产生误解。因此“龙”的形象在英译是不能保留的,可译为 to expect ones son to become an outstanding person.望子成龙

3.Guilin has the most beautiful scenery in China,and Yangshuo is the most beautiful part of Guilin.

桂林山水甲天下,阳朔山水甲桂林。

二、词义的增加

Four mountains in China are Wutai in Shanxi Province,Putuo in Zhejiang Province,Emei in Sichuan Province,and Jiuhua in Anhui province

中国佛教四大名山是山西的五台山,浙江的普陀山,四川的峨眉山和安徽的九华山。

三、地名加景点的翻译

Most imperial gardens are located in north China:the Summer Palace; the Imperial Summer Resort in Chengde,Hebei Province; and Huaqing Palace in Xian,Shanxi Province.

大部分皇家园林位于华北:颐和园,河北省的承德避暑山庄,和陕西省的西安华清池。

四、非音译意译景点名

Suzhou,known as the home of gardens,displays the most and the best traditional private gardens in China.These are the Pavilion of the Surging Waves,Lion Grove,the Humble Administrators Garden,and the Garden for Lingering.

苏州市是园林之乡,拥有中国最多和最佳传统私家园林。它们是沧浪亭,狮子林,拙政园和留园。

五、词意转换

The expression that “ Women hold up half the sky” has been extensively used to praise the of women in China today.

“妇女能顶半边天”被广泛用来赞美当今妇女在中国的地位。

六、符合实际情况

1.Silk and Silk goods from China would leave Xian,the then capital of China.

来自中国的丝绸和丝绸产品将离开西安—中国古都。

2.As to Mongolian folk dances,the female dance is lively in rhythm,brisk in steps,and with the most characteristic movements such as shaking shoulders,turning over waists.

蒙古族民族舞中,女士的舞蹈节奏活泼、步伐敏捷,最有特点的动作是抖肩,下腰。

七、专有名词的翻译

1.Tea,the most popular beverage for the Chinese,is one of Chinas specialties and traditional exports.Tea from China falls into five major categories,i e black tea,jasmine tea,Wulong tea ( a tea that is half fermented),green tea,and brick tea,which is otherwise known as tightly pressed tea.

茶是最受中国人欢迎的饮品,是中国的特产之一和传统出口品。中国茶分为五大类,即红茶,花茶,乌龙茶(半发酵的茶),绿茶和砖茶(被压紧的茶)。

2.The Han Chinese prefer to drink what one might call plain tea,with its natural flavor.

汉族更喜欢喝有自然清香的的淡茶。

八、宗教术语的翻译

1.In the center of the grand hall is the statue of Sakyamuni,the founder of Buddhism.On his left is the Medicine Buddha and on his right is Amitabba Buddha.

在大殿的中央是佛教创始人释迦牟尼的塑像,他的左边是药师佛,他的右边是阿弥陀佛。

2.Goddess of Mercy or Guanyin is one of the bodhisattvas in Chinese Buddhism and is described as showing great mercy.

观音是中国佛教的菩萨之一,她有慈悲心。

九、语言要通俗

The saying “crops in the south,animal husbandry in the north,forests in the east,iron in the west and coal everywhere” figuratively generalizes the superiority of resources and the potential for economic growth in Inner Mongolia.

谚语“南粮,北牧,东林,西铁,遍地是煤”比喻地概括了内蒙古的优质资源和经济增长潜力。

参考文献:

[1]国家旅游局人事劳动教育司编.英语[M].旅游教育出版社, 1996.8.

[2]徐炳勋.王松涛.内蒙古[M].内蒙古大学出版社,1999.7.

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