粤北鹰嘴桃流胶病的病原全型特征分析

2015-10-21 16:47:39李夏李文英孙丽丽徐培智卢钰升
热带作物学报 2015年11期

李夏 李文英 孙丽丽 徐培智 卢钰升

摘 要 鹰嘴桃是粤北地区重要的优稀水果,具有重要的经济价值和社会效益,但流胶病的发生危害严重影响地方产业的可持续发展。对粤北主要种植区鹰嘴桃流胶病病害进行调查研究,根据全型形态特征、培养特性、ITS及EF1-α序列分析,将鹰嘴桃流胶病的病原鉴定为葡萄座腔菌[Botryosphaeria dothidea(Moug. in Fr.)Ces. & De Not],证实该病菌有性态与无性态的关联,并对鹰嘴桃流胶病的致病因子进行分析与探讨,为该病害的防治提供重要的科学依据。

关键词 九仙桃;流胶病;葡萄座腔菌属;全型特征;序列分析

中图分类号 S662.1 文献标识码 A

Abstract Olecranon peach is one of the rare and excellent fruits with economic significance and social benefits in northern Guangdong. The occurrence of gummosis severely affects the sustainable development of local fruit industry. The aim is to reveal the pathogen causing olecranon peach gummosis in the main planting areas of northern Guangdong. Based on holo morphological characteristics on nature host, artificial culture, ITS as well as EF1-α sequence data, the pathogen was identified as Botryosphaeria dothidea(Moug. in Fr.)Ces. & De Not, the anamorph-teleomorph connection of the fungus was confirmed and the pathogenic factors of olecranon peach gummosis were analyzed and discussed. The results would provide some scientific insights for the prevention and control of gummosis. The related specimens and strains material were stored in the Center of Microbial Resources, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CMR-GAAS).

Key words Nine fairy peach;Gummosis;Botryoshpaeria;Holomorphological characteristics;Sequence analysis

doi 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2015.11.026

鷹嘴桃(Olecranon peach),因果型尾部似鹰嘴而得名,又因产于“中国九仙桃之乡”翁源县江尾镇九仙村而得名九仙桃,属中国南方硬肉桃品系,因其果大核小、肉质爽脆、风味独特广受人们的喜爱,是广东北部地区传统的特色水果。1985年被评为广东省优稀水果品种[1],2007年通过无公害食品认证,享有“仙桃”、“岭南佳果”之美誉。目前,鹰嘴桃已成为粤北地区连平、翁源等地的农业主导产业之一。

近年来,鹰嘴桃种植区病害频发,其中以流胶病危害最为严重,主要为害果树主干、主枝、枝条等,引起果实流胶,甚至直接导致鹰嘴桃落果、绝收,流胶严重时导致树体死亡,该病害的普遍发生已成为制约粤北地区鹰嘴桃产业可持续发展的主要因素。但迄今为止,对引起粤北地区鹰嘴桃产区流胶病的主要病原菌种类的研究尚未见报道,本研究采用经典形态学特征鉴定方法及分子生物学方法对引起鹰嘴桃流胶病的病原菌进行鉴定,分析其致病因子,为防控流胶病的发生和危害提供科学信息。……

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