吴丽嫦 林桂锋 薛柳英 林 颖
【摘 要】目的:儿童消化不良在选择药品的类型上与成人有所不同,通过处方分析,为患者的监护人提供合理的用药信息,正确指导用药。 方法:收集中山大学附属第一医院2013年10月-2014年9月儿科门诊疾病处方,从中筛选出0到14岁儿童消化不良用药的处方,统计分析儿科消化不良药物的应用情况。结果:儿童消化不良药物的应用频率依次是微生态药物,止泻药,助消化药,促胃肠动力药及止吐药。儿童消化不良的发生率与季节有着密切的关系,夏秋2季发病率最高。结论:中山一院的儿科疾病消化不良的用药基本合理,需要加强对药物的用药注意事项的关注。
【关键词】儿童消化不良;处方分析;用药事项
[Abstract]Objective:children indigestion in choosing the type of drug are different from adults,through the analysis of the prescription for the patient's guardian providing reasonable medication information,correcting guiding drug use.Methods: collect the first hospital affiliated to sun yat-sen university in October 2013 - September 2014 pediatric outpatient prescription disease,the sifting 0 to 14 years old children dyspepsia prescription medication,the application of statistical analysis of pediatric digestive drugs.Results:the rate difference between the ages of the patients.Children dyspepsia drug application frequency is in turn micro ecological drug,ant diarrheal,aid digestion medicine,promote gastrointestinal medicine and anti-nausea drugs.The incidence of a disease has a close relationship with season,summer and fall are the highest seasons.Conclusion:digestive medicine application of children in the first hospital affiliated to sun yat-sen university is basically reasonable,needing to strengthen the awareness of the drugs' medical attention.
[key words]children indigestion;Analysis of prescription;Medical matters
儿童消化不良的病因和发病机理,目前认为有两个方面:(1)体质原因:因为儿童胃肠道发育不够成熟,酶的活性较低,但营养需要相对的多,所以胃肠负担重;另外,儿童的身体机能各方面均未成熟,调节机能较差,儿童免疫功能也不完善,儿童体液分布和成人不同,细胞外液所占比例较高且水分代谢旺盛,调节功能又差,容易发生电解质紊乱,导致非感染性腹泻的发生。(2)外因导致消化紊乱,最主要为饮食原因和气候原因。
为使消化不良药物疗效更好、选择性更多、更好地保护儿童的器官、使不良反应更少,防止严重并发症的发生,有效治疗儿童消化不良,需要提出最有效的治疗方案,指导监护人及医生注意其用药事项,因此,处方分析的加强对药学检测十分重要。……