油菜新品种年度差异分析——基于国家油菜区域试验视角谈谈

江满霞 高冰可 卢列健等

摘要 [目的]从九江点国家（长江中游）油菜区域试验数据着手，筛选适合九江地区优质高产油菜新品种。[方法]以2012、2013年连续2年参试的19个品种为材料，着重从农艺性状与产量两方面分析。[结果]农艺性状分析结果表明，分枝部位和每角粒数的T值分别为0.258和0.092，除这2个性状在不同年份间未达到显著差异外，其余所有性状均达到极显著差异水平，说明大部分经济性状随年度变化明显；产量分析结果表明，同油杂2号连续2年均达到极显著增产效果，H29J24品种2012年增产极显著、2013年增产显著，其余品种均表现不稳定增产。[结论]连续2年试验数据结果表明，新品种同油杂2号是最适合江西九江地区生产推广的高产品种。

关键词 长江中游；显著差异；區域试验；油菜新品种

中图分类号 S634.3 文献标识码

A 文章编号 0517-6611（2015）05-060-02

Analysis on the Annual Differences of New Carieties of Rapeseed—Based on the Perspective of National and Regional Rapeseed Test

JIANG Manxia，GAO Bingke，LU Liejian et al （Jiujiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences， Jiujiang，Jiangxi 332101）

Abstract [Objective] The research aimed to screen the new varieties of high yield and quality rapeseed suitable for Jiujiang area from Jiujiang point countries （the middle reaches of the Yangtze River） data of rapeseed regional test in hand.[Method]Two consecutive years tested the 19 cultivars in 2012 and 2013 as materials，mainly from two aspects of agronomic traits and yield analysis.[Result]The agronomic traits analysis showed that the T value of the branch position and number of seeds per silique were 0.258 and 0.092，in addition to these two traits were not significant differences in different year，all the other characters were highly significant differences，indicating that most economic traits changed significantly with annual variation.The yield analysis showed that the same oil mixed No.2 for two consecutive years hadvery significant effect on increasing yield，the yield of H29J24 varieties was very significantly in 2012 and significantly in 2013.Other varieties showed instability increase.[Conclusion]Two consecutive years of test data showed that the new varieties of the same oil mixed No.2 was the most suitable for the promotion of high yielding varieties in Jiujiang area.

Key words The middle reaches of the Yangtze River；Significant differences；Regional rapeseed test；New varieties of rapeseed

作者简介 江满霞（1972- ），女，江西九江人，高级农艺师，在读硕士，从事油菜杂交遗传育种及高产栽培技术研究。

收稿日期 20150104

油菜是我国第一大油料作物，年种植面积约6.67×106hm2，年总产超过1 200万t，种植面积和产量均居世界首位，特别是长江流域，其每年油菜种植面积与总产量分别占全国80%以上[1]。九江地区沿长江流域的气候特点及适宜地理环境，气候温和，雨量充沛，且雨热同期，冬季不甚寒冷，一般的冬性油菜能够安全越冬，所以，九江油菜种植的面积占江西省种植油菜面积的近25%，达12万hm2以上。为此，九江油菜品种用什么品种既能丰产稳产，又适应性抗逆性好，是科研人员必须认真探讨的问题。……