李志新 许迪 李益农

摘要 为实现畦灌施肥技术参数的优化组合,建立合理的模型工具至关重要。基于零惯性量模型和一维对流弥散方程ADE作为畦灌施肥水流和溶质运移方程,分别利用有限差和特征线法进行求解,建立基于特征线法的畦灌施肥地表水流溶质运移模型。以隐式有限差解法为对照,对特征线法引入的数值误差状况进行评价。结果表明,相对于隐式有限差解法,采取特征线法求解ADE时引入的数值震荡和数值弥散有显著减少,基于特征线法的畦灌施肥地表水流溶质运移模型更合理。
关键词 畦灌施肥;地表水流;溶质运移;对流-弥散;数值误差
中图分类号 S275.3;S153.5 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2015)05-084-04
Study on Model of Overland Water Flow and Solute Transport to Border Strip Fertigation Based on Characteristic Curve Method
LI Zhixing1, XU Di2, LI Yinong2
(1. School of Civil Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang, Guizhou 550003; 2. National Center of Efficient Irrigation Engineering and Technology Research, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100044)
Abstract In order to realize the optimized combination of technical factors of border strip fertigation, it is necessary to establish a reasonable model tool. Based on zeroinertia model as flow equation solved by finite difference method, and 1D ADE as solute transport equation solved by characteristic curve method, a overland flow and solute transport model was established based on characteristic curve method. With finite difference method as contrast method, the numerical errors introduced by characteristic curve method were evaluated. The results suggested that when compared with finite method, the numerical errors introduced by characteristic curve method is obviously smaller, and the model of overland flow and solute transport based on the numerical errors introduced by characteristic curve method should be more reasonable.
Key words Border strip fertigation; Overland water flow; Solute transport; Advectiondiffusion; Numerical errors
基金項目 国家863计划重点项目课题(2006AA100210);国家科技支撑计划重点项目课题(2006BAD11B02)。
作者简介 李志新(1976- ),男,江西抚州人,博士研究生,研究方向:地面灌溉技术。
收稿日期 20141223
畦灌施肥是地面灌溉施肥的一种,预先将化肥充分溶解,并与灌溉水流,混合实施液体施撒的新型施肥方式[1-2]。与地面灌溉的传统氮素化肥施用方式相比,这种施肥方式具有减少能耗、劳动力及其对土壤或作物的扰动破坏等优点[3],在国外已得到越来越多的推广应用[1-2],在我国尚处于起步阶段。但是,若缺乏合理的技术管理措施,该方法在施肥均匀性方面的效果不理想,还会产生肥料在土壤深层渗漏的问题[4]。因此,畦灌施肥研究通过探讨施肥时机、入地流量、土壤入渗性能、微地形、坡度等重要技术要素对土壤水氮时空分布的影响[5],为畦灌施肥系统优化设计管理提供指导。……