精神分裂症患者服药依从性的调查研究

尹立春吉林省吉林市第六人民医院心理科，吉林吉林　132001

精神分裂症患者服药依从性的调查研究

尹立春
吉林省吉林市第六人民医院心理科，吉林吉林132001

目的 分析影响精神分裂症患者依从性的因素，并探讨如何提高患者的服药依从性。方法 选取该院在2014年8月—2015年8月收治的86例精神分裂症患者作为研究对象，并由精神科医生采用访谈法对所有精神分裂症患者的服药依从性进行调查，继而应用现象学深入分析影响患者服药依从性的相关因素。结果 影响精神分裂症患者服药依从性的因素较多，主要包括自身因素、周围环境因素、治疗因素及疾病因素。结论 通过提高患者的疾病认知、调动患者主观能动性、完善医嘱、制定预防复发方案等措施来提高精神分裂症患者的服药依从性。

精神分裂症；服药；依从性；影响因素

［Abstract］Objective To analyze the influence factors of compliance in patients with schizophrenia and study how to improve the medication compliance of patients.Methods 86 cases of patients with schizophrenia admitted and treated in our hospital from August 2014 to August 2015 were selected as the research objects，the medication compliance of all patients with schizophrenia was surveyed by the psychiatric doctors through the interview method，and then the relevant influence factors of medication compliance were deeply analyzed by the application of phenomenon.Results There were a lot of influence factors of medication compliance for patients with schizophrenia，mainly including self-factor，surrounding environment factor，treatment factor and disease factor.Conclusion The measures of improving the patient’s awareness of disease，motivating subjective initiative of patients，improving the doctor’s advice and making prevention and recurrence plan are used to improve the medication compliance of patients with schizophrenia.

［Key words］Schizophrenia；Medication；Compliance；Influence factor

精神分裂症是临床上常见的一种慢性精神疾病，且患者精神状况时好时坏，具有反复发作的特点［1-3］。当病人发作次数较多时，将对其人格改变和意识功能损害造成严重影响，进而对患者、家庭和社会的损害亦会随着反复发作的次数增多而加重。目前，对精神分裂症病人主要采用药物治疗，但效果缓慢，通常情况下需要维持数年，由于病程较长，服药次数较多，很容易造成患者服药依从性差，进而导致疾病反复发作严重。有文献报道［4-7］，精神分裂症患者服药依从性差致使疾病的复发率达43.6%。精神分裂症病人服药依从性差主要表现为不能严格按照医生嘱咐服药，如自行减少服药剂量、漏服、私自停药，更有甚者拒绝服药。……