张小文 梁水英 周丰华 唐映莲?吕美光
[摘要] 目的 探讨改良换药法预防血液净化导管相关性血流感染(RBSI)的效果。 方法 选取本院2013年7月~2015年7月血液净化患者62例,采用随机数字表法分为两组,对照组31例实施常规换药法,观察组31例实施改良换药法,比较两组导管RBSI的发生风险。 结果 观察组全身症状发生率为0、局部症状发生率3.2%、导管RBSI发生率3.2%、导管日感染率1.0%均明显低于对照组12.9%、19.4%、32.3%、17.2%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 改良换药法可显著降低血液净化导管RBSI的发生风险。
[关键词] 改良换药法;血液净化;导管相关性血流感染
[中图分类号] R472 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 2095-0616(2016)01-223-03
[Abstract] Objective To explore the effect of modified dressing method in prevention of blood purification catheter related bloodstream infection (RBSI). Methods 62 patients with blood purification in our hospital from July 2013 to July 2015 were selected and they were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group according to random number table,with 31 in each.Patients in the control group were received routine dressing method while patients in the observation group were received modified dressing method.Risks of catheter RBSI of two groups were compared. Results Incidences of systemic symptoms,local symptoms,catheter RBSI and catheter daily infection rate of the observation group were 0,3.2%,3.2% and 1.0% respectively,significantly lower than those of the control group 12.9%,19.4%,32.3% and 17.2% respectively.Differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Modified dressing method can significantly reduce risk of blood purification catheter RBSI.
[Key words] Modified dressing method;Blood purification;Catheter RBSI
血液净化也可称为透析(CRRT),是临床常用的一种治疗手段[1-2]。血液净化时,患者需要留置多根导管,以提供必要的血液管路,但这也将患者处于导管RBSI高风险之中[3-4]。在治疗过程中,皮肤微生物可以从置管部位迁移至皮下隧道,诱发感染,影响患者的治疗效果,这也是常见的感染途径[5-6]。因而换药时,处理不当有可能会引发导管RBSI的发生。此次研究选取血液净化患者62例,采用随机数字表法分为两组,分别行常规换药法与改良换药法,对比分析导管RBSI的发生风险,现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选择本院2013年7月~2015年7月血液净化患者62例,入选标准:入院后,患者均行深静脉置管,给予患者建立颈内静脉通路,在置管前1d,行体温、血常规及凝血功能检测,确认相关指标正常,器材为双腔直孔导管。排除标准:(1)年龄18岁以下或75岁以上;(2)合并有其他重大疾病,如严重心、肺、肝、肾损害者或精神病患者。剔除标准:已发现感染的患者,数次穿刺失败的患者,疑似或确诊患有慢性炎症者。……