罗平烟区不同植烟土壤养分状况对中部烟叶化学成分可用性的影响

贺丹锋++周冀衡++孙书斌++李鑫++张毅++张纪利++王浩

摘 要：选取2010年云南罗平烟区10个乡镇中部烟叶和对应土样样品362份，运用隶属度函数法和主成分分析法计算出代表烟叶质量状况的化学成分可用性指数（CCUI值），对罗平烟区中部烟叶化学成分可用性进行综合评价，并对罗平烟区植烟土壤养分状况进行了分析研究。结果表明：（1）罗平植烟土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、碱解氮和速效钾含量丰富，全钾含量中等，速效磷含量偏高，pH值适宜，除全氮含量外，在不同产地间，其余各土壤养分含量均达到极显著差异水平。（2）罗平中部烟叶烟碱、总氮、钾和氯含量以及钾氯比和氮碱比较为适宜，总糖、还原糖和糖碱比较高，钾氯比和氯含量变异程度较大。（3）罗平烟区中部烟叶烟碱含量在品种间和产地间差异不显著，氮碱比在产地间差异不显著，总氮在品种间差异不显著，其余化学成分在品种和产地间均达到显著或极显著差异；烟叶化学成分可用性品种间表现为：K326>云烟85>云烟87>云烟97，产地间表现为：大水井乡>罗雄镇>老厂乡>板桥镇>富乐镇>九龙镇>钟山乡>旧屋基乡>阿岗镇>马街镇。

关键词：罗平烟区；化学成分；可用性；土壤养分

中图分类号：Q938.1+3 文献标识码：A DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2016.05.007

Chemical Component Usability of Middle Leaves and its Relation to Soil Nutrient in Luoping Tobacco-planting Area

HE Danfeng1，ZHOU Jiheng1， SUN Shubin1， LI Xin1， ZHANG Yi1， ZHANG Jili2， WANG Hao3

（1. Institute of Tobacco，Hunan Agricultural University， Changsha，Hunan 410128， China； 2. China Tobacco Guangxi Industrial Limited Company，Nanning，Guangxi 310009， China； 3.China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Limited Company， Kunming， Yunnan 650231， China）

Abstract：362 samples of middle tobacco leaves and corresponding soil sample harvested in 2010 from 10 counties of Luoping in Yunnan Province were determined， the usability index （CCUI value），which represents the quality of tobacco leaves on the basis of chemical components in tobacco leaves was calculated with membership function method and principal component analysis method to comprehensively evaluate the usability of Luoping middle tobacco leaves on the basis of their chemical compositions， and the soil nutrient threshold of Luoping tobacco-planting area was analyzed. The results showed that：（1）the content of organic matter， total nitrogen， total phosphorus， Alkali hydrolysable nitrogen and the content of available potassium were rich， the content of total potassium was medium， the content of available phosphorus was high and pH was appropriate. In addition to the content of total nitrogen， while the other soil nutrients differed extremely significantly between growing areas. （2）The contents of nicotine，total nitrogen ， potassium and chorine， and the ratio of potassium to chorine， the ratio of nitrogen to nicotine in Luoping middle tobacco leaves were moderate， while the contents of total sugar and reducing sugar， and the ratio of sugar to nicotine were higher， the content of chorine and the ratio of potassium to chorine have larger variation.（3）Nicotine content did not differ significantly between varieties or growing areas， the ratio of nitrogen to nicotine did not differ significantly between growing areas， total nitrogen content did not differ significantly between varieties， while the other chemical components differed significantly or extremely significantly between varieties or growing areas. The order of usability among varieties was K326>Yunyan85>Yunyan87>Yunyan97，among growing areas was Dashuijing County>Luoxiong County>Laochang County>Banqiao County>Fule County>Jiulong County>Zhongshan County>Jiuwuji County>Agang County>Majie County.

Key words：Luoping tobacco-planting area； chemical component； usability；soil nutrient

烟叶品质包括外观质量、内在品质、化学成分及其协调性和烟叶安全性等诸多方面，内在化学成分及其协调性决定着烟叶质量[1]。烟叶内在化学成分及其比列的协调性决定着卷烟的烟气特性，直接影响烟叶的工业可用性和卷烟产品的安全性[2]。罗平县有适宜烤烟种植的土……