政府引导性股权投资基金的组织形式问题研究

2016-06-24 10:46:58张昭马浩淼王文
陕西行政学院学报 2016年2期

张昭++马浩淼++王文

摘 要: 股权投资基金的组织形式是影响政府引导性股权投资基金运作绩效的核心问题。在我国当前的法律和政策环境下,政府引导性股权投资基金主要包括信托制、公司制和有限合伙制三种组织形式,其中有限合伙型PE以其权责配置科学合理、运营管理专业高效、运作成本相对较低等独特优势,理应成为设立股权投资基金的首选组织形式。但是有限合伙型PE本身也存在信息不够对称和内部治理异化等潜在缺陷,需要通过引入法人人格否认、重构基金内部治理、改进基金决策和收入分配机制等进行制度补阙和机制改良,使其发挥好应有的制度优势。

关键词: 政府引导; 股权投资基金; 组织形式; 有限合伙

中图分类号: F830.59 文献标识码: A DOI:10.13411/j.cnki.sxsx.2016.02.005

The Research on Organization Form of Equity Investment Fund

Guided by the Government

ZHANG Zhao1 , MA Hao-miao2 , WANG Wen3

(1. Shaanxi Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Xian 710006 , China; 2. Shaanxi Normal University, Xian 710062 , China;

3. Xian International Studies University, Xian 710128 , China)

Abstract: The organization form of equity investment fund plays a key role in the performance of equity investment fund guided by the government. Under Chinas current legal and policy environment, government guidance equity investment fund mainly includes three kinds of organization forms:trust, corporation and limited partnership. The limited partnership PE is supposed to be the best organization form when equity investment fund is established, because of its reasonable configuration of powers and responsibilities, professional and efficient operation and management, relatively low operation cost and other advantages. However, limited partnership PE itself has certain underlying weak points, like information asymmetry and internal governance alienation, needing to introduce denial of legal persons personality , reconstruction of internal governance of funds, improvement of fund decision-making and income distribution mechanism to improve the system, so that it can display its superiority.

Key words: government guidance; equity investment fund; organization form; limited partnership

基金是为实现特定目的而依法设立的资金集合,以其募集对象是否特定分为公募基金(Public Fund)和私募基金(Private Fund)。前者在我国主要表现为证券投资基金,后者主要表现为股权投资基金①(Private Equity, 简称PE)。[1]当前,我国各级政府借助私募股权投资基金这一新兴融资模式,通过财政资金参股吸引各类社会资本共同组建政府引导性股权投资基金,专门投向符合国家政策导向的产业和领域,推动经济结构调整和区域经济发展。股权投资基金正在成为仅次于银行贷款和IPO的重要融资手段,对于新常态下推进政府投资管理改革,丰富政府宏观调控手段,发挥好市场机制之下政府的有效作用很有价值。

一、政……

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