

摘要:目的:探讨健身气功锻炼对不同健康程度老年人身体自尊的影响,为老年人心理健康干预提供参考。方法:采用自编一般情况调查问卷和身体自尊量表,对200名老年人24周健身气功锻炼前后进行测查。结果:1)24周健身气功锻炼能显著提高老年人的身体自尊得分,且时间主效应显著(锻炼周数);2)除身体状况维度外,24周健身气功锻炼对“健康”老年人身体自尊得分提高不显著;3)24周健身气功锻炼对“非健康”老年人身体自尊得分提高非常显著,且时间主效应也非常显著(锻炼周数)。结论:健身气功锻炼对不同健康程度老年人身体自尊的影响效果存在差异,对“非健康”老年人的身体自尊影响显著,且锻炼周期越长,效果越好。
关键词:老年人;健康状况;身体自尊;健身气功
中图分类号:G806 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-2076(2016)03-0063-05
Abstract:Objective:To study the influence of fitness qigong exercise on the body self-esteem of different health level elderly and provide reference for the elderly mental health intervention.Methods:Questionnaire of General Survey and Physical Self-esteem Scale were used to test 200 elderly pre- and post- 24-week fitness qigong exercises.Results:1) 24-week fitness qigong exercise can significantly improve the elderlys body self-esteem score, with significant primary time effect (exercise weeks). 2) In addition to the physical condition dimension, there was no significant effect on "healthy" elderlys body self-esteem score increase after 24-week fitness qigong exercise. 3) 24-week fitness qigong exercise had a significant effect on “unhealthy” elderlys physical self-esteem score increase, with very significant primary time effect (exercise weeks). Conclusion:The effects of qigong exercise on the physical self-esteem of elderly with different health level are different and it had a significant effect on the "unhealthy" elderly, and the longer the exercise period, the better the results.
Key words: the elderly; health condition; body self-esteem; fitness qigong
身体自尊作为整体自尊的重要构成要素之一,是个体对自我身体不同方面满意或不满意程度的评价,它与社会评价相联系,涉及个体的认知过程、情感过程和评价过程等。体育锻炼心理学研究发现[1-3],身体自尊是心理健康和健康行为的调节器,对情感和心理状况发挥着重要的作用,身体自尊过低会给个体带来负面的情绪体验,也影响着个体参与体育锻炼的动机、情绪,以及体育锻炼行为等,同时也是监测体育锻炼心理效益的重要指标,能有效预测其生活满意感和主观幸福感。就目前体育锻炼与身体自尊的研究现状而言[4-5],研究对象主要集中在大学生群体,研究内容也主要集中在“体育锻炼与身体自尊”的相关性研究,体育锻炼对身体自尊影响的实证研究较少,尤其是老年人。……