2008年～2013年湖南省医疗卫生人力资源配置状况及公平性研究

彭曼华 史千山 钟卫军 谭韦 阳宏敏

2008年～2013年湖南省医疗卫生人力资源配置状况及公平性研究

彭曼华 史千山 钟卫军 谭韦 阳宏敏

目的 分析湖南省2008年～2013年医疗卫生人力资源配置现状及其公平性，为卫生行政部门优化医疗卫生人力资源配置提供依据。方法 基于基尼系数和泰尔指数，从人口、地理和经济分布对湖南省医疗卫生人力资源配置的公平性进行测算。结果 2008年～2013年湖南省医疗卫生人力资源总量在不断增加，但仍然没有达到国家平均水平，基尼系数均＜0.3，且按人口分布的基尼系数大于按经济分布的基尼系数，小于按地理分布的基尼系数，按地理分布的泰尔指数大于按人口和按经济分布的泰尔指数，注册护士的基尼系数和泰尔指数均大于执业医师和卫生技术人员，执业医师数量调整后对基尼系数和泰尔指数都有影响。 结论 湖南省主要医疗卫生资源的配置水平仍然较低，但医疗卫生人力资源配置的公平性较好，按人口和经济分布优于按地理分布；护理人员的配置公平性差于执业医师和医疗技术人员。卫生人力资源质量的差异会影响卫生人力资源配置的公平性，建议政府加大医疗卫生资源的投入力度，兼顾公平，缩小地区差异，重点优化护理人力资源配置，以提高湖南省的医疗服务质量。

湖南省；医疗卫生人力资源；公平性；基尼系数；泰尔指数

【Abstract】Objective The paper aims to analyze the Human resource allocation and its fairness for Hunan medical treatment and public health between 2008 and 2013 and provide basis for optimization of human resource allocation of medical treatment and public health for health administrative department.Method Based on the Gini coefficient and Theil index，the fairness of human resource allocation for Hunan medical treatment and public health can be measured from population，geography and economy distribution.Result The total amount of human resource for Hunan medical treatment and public health is continuously increasing from 2008 to 2013，but it is still unable to reach the national average level.Gini coeffcient is less than 0.3.Furthermore，Gini coeffcient distributed in accordance with population distribution is greater than the Gini coefficient distributed in accordance with economy distribution and lower than the Gini coefficient distributed in accordance with geographical distribution.Theil index distributed in accordance with geographical distribution is greater than the Theil index distributed in accordance with population and economy distribution.The Gini coeffcient and Theil index for registered nurse are greater than the one for certifed doctor and health workers.After adjustment，the amounts of certifed doctors have impacts on Gini coeffcient and Theil index.Conclusion The allocation level of main medical treatment and public health resource is relatively lower，but its fairness is pretty well.Distribution in accordance with population and economy is obviously better than distribution in accordance with geography.The allocation fairness for nurses is worse than certifed doctors and medical technician.The difference between public health human resource qualities will infuence the fairness of public health human resource allocation.Therefore，it is suggested that the government should strengthen the efforts to distribution of medical treatment and public health resource，take count of equity simultaneously，shorten regional difference，lay emphasis on optimization of nurse human resource allocation to improve Human medical service quality.

【Key words】Hunan province；Medical treatment and public health human resource；Fairness；Gini coeffcient；Theil index

卫生人力资源是指在一定时间内存在于卫生行业内部具有一定专业技能的各种劳动力数量和质量的总和［1］。……