探析长期住院慢性精神分裂症患者社会功能的缺陷

白大政广安市精神病院，四川广安　638000

探析长期住院慢性精神分裂症患者社会功能的缺陷

白大政
广安市精神病院，四川广安638000

目的 对慢性精神分裂症患者长期住院对社会功能缺陷产生的影响进行探讨。方法调查数据分析该院接收的慢性精神分裂症患者70例病例资料，按住院时间分2组，各35例，对照组住院≤3个月，研究组住院＞4个月。结果研究组兴奋冲动、思维紊乱等精神症状因素与对照组比较（P＞0.05），而社会功能因素缺陷率与对照组比较（P＜0.05）；长期住院患者社会功能缺陷与其每年平均出院次数与天数呈负相关，与病程、住院时间以及SAPS、SANS、BPRS评分呈正相关；长期住院的精神分裂患者不同婚姻状况、精神症状以及家属生活成员均会对社会功能缺陷造成影响。结论 缩短患者住院时间、调动社会与家庭关心与增加患者出院天数与次数，对改善慢性精神分裂症患者社会功能缺陷有重要作用。

精神分裂症；住院；社会功能缺陷；研究分析

［Abstract］Objective To study the effect of long-term hospitalization of patients with chronic schizophrenia on the defects of social function.Methods The case data of 70 patients with chronic schizophrenia admitted in our hospital were analyzed and divided into two groups with 35 cases in each according to the length of stay，the hospitalization time in the control group was less than 3 months and in the research group was more than 4 months.Results The mental symptom factors including the exciting and overwhelming and disturbance in thinking between the two groups had no statistical significance，P＞0.05，but the defect rate of social function factor between the two groups had statistical significance，P＜0.05，the social function defect rate in long-term hospitalized patients had a negative correlation with the average discharge time per year and days，and had a positive correlation with the disease process，length of stay，SAPS，SANS and BPRS scores，and the different marital statuses，mental symptoms and family members could impose an effect on the social function defects.Conclusion Shortening the patient's length of stay，enhancing the social and family concern and increasing the discharge days and times of patients are vital to improving the social function defects in patients with chronic schizophrenia.

［Key words］Schizophrenia；Hospitalization；Social function defect；Research and analysis

精神分裂症属于精神病中常见疾病之一，其患病率以及致残率、复发率均较高。多数的精神分裂症患者均存在不同严重程度的社会功能缺陷；患者因病程迁延不愈，持续漫长的住院过程，使其基本的生活自理能力丧失或者减退；行为表现思维散漫、计划性与责任心减退、社会功能减退、对外界关心与兴趣降低、缺乏集体活动的主动性、职业与工作以及个人的生活自理能力变差［1-2］。

1　资料与方法

1.1一般资料

调查数据分析该院2013年1—2015年12月接收的慢性精神分裂症患者70例病例资料，按住院时间分2组，每组35例。……